Adaptive pulse width time domain reflectometer
View Patent ↗An adaptive pulse width (APW) Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) comprises an enhancement to the standard Pulse TDR by adjusting the effective pulse width as a function of time. Improved resolution for a large range of cable lengths is obtained, as well as allowing an all-in-one view of the processed return signal trace.
1. A method for using a time domain reflectometer (TDR) to locate a fault in a digital subscriber line (xDSL) having a characteristic impedance, the method comprising:
a) providing a TDR transmitter and receiver;
b) transmitting at least one launch pulse into the xDSL with the TDR transmitter and initiating a start time in a timebase;
c) receiving a return signal trace from the xDSL with the TDR receiver;
d) amplifying the return signal trace from the xDSL with an adjustable gain amplifier;
e) digitizing the amplified return signal trace to generate an array of digital samples and sampling time information from the timebase;
f) recording the array of digital samples and sampling time information; and
g) differentiating the array of digital samples numerically by selecting pairs of digital samples separated by a time offset that increases, for subsequent pairs from the same launch pulse, as a function of elapsed time from the start time, and generating an arithmetic difference between each selected pair.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the digitizing is performed with an analog to digital converter (ADC).
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the digitizing is performed at a constant rate.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of displaying a trace of the differentiated digital samples on a horizontal timebase axis.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein a first section of the horizontal timebase axis comprises a linear scale and a second section of the horizontal timebase axis comprises a logarithmic scale.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the horizontal timebase axis has units comprising one of time and distance.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time offset is increased linearly with the elapsed time from the start time.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of increasing a gain of the adjustable gain amplifier as a function of elapsed time from the start time.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising the step of:
h) interpolating the differentiated digital samples to generate an array of sub-sampled digital samples.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising the step of analyzing the sub-sampled digital samples for detecting the presence of reflected pulses.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
h) analyzing the differentiated digital samples for detecting the presence of reflected pulses.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the recording in step f) is performed using a random access memory of a microprocessor.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the launch pulse has a pulse width between 10 nanoseconds and 1 millisecond.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the launch pulse has a pulse width between 16 nanoseconds and 4 microseconds.