Adjustable lens system for real-time applications
An adjustable fluid type lens system is provided that allows e.g. ultrasound imaging through the lens during adjustment of the lens. The lens includes a container enclosing two immiscible fluids, e.g. water and oil, being in contact with each other at an interface. Incoming waves are then refracted at this interface. The shape of the interface, and thereby the refraction property, is adjustable by adjusting a voltage applied to the lens. The two fluids are selected such that they together exhibit a mechanical damping which is critical or near critical. A control circuit generates the electric voltage for adjusting the refraction from one value to another, the control circuit being arranged to change the electric voltage such that a rate of voltage change is limited to avoid oscillation of the interface, thereby adjusting refraction of incoming waves at the interface in a continuous manner. This makes it possible to use the lens while it is during adjustment from one refraction value to another, since the interface shape will at all time during the adjustment have a controlled shape. The voltage can be either a continuous voltage or a discrete stepwise (digital) voltage which is just controlled with respect to step size and temporal extension of the steps. The lens system has a number of applications e.g. within the medical field, e.g. for ‘on the fly’ high speed ultrasound imaging, or for ultrasound ablation applications where ablation can be performed during adjustment of the lens to follow a pre-defined trajectory.
1. An adjustable lens system including
a container enclosing a first fluid (F 1 ) arranged with an interface (I) to an electrically susceptible second fluid (F 2 ), wherein the interface (I) is arranged to refract incoming waves, wherein the first and second fluids (F 1 , F 2 ) are immiscible, wherein the first and second fluids (F 1 , F 2 ) are selected such that they together exhibit a mechanical damping which is critical or near critical, and wherein a shape of the interface (I) is adjustable upon application of an electric voltage (VC), and
a control circuit (CC) arranged to generate the electric voltage (VC), wherein the control circuit (CC) is arranged to change the electric voltage (VC) from a first voltage (V 1 ) to a second voltage (V 2 ) different from the first voltage (V 1 ) such that a rate of voltage change is limited to avoid oscillation of the interface (I), thereby adjusting refraction of incoming waves at the interface (I) from a first refraction to a second refraction in a continuous and controlled manner.
2. Lens system according to claim 1 , arranged for refraction of incoming waves during adjustment of the refraction from the first refraction to the second refraction.
3. Lens system according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit (CC) is arranged to change the electric voltage (VC) from the first voltage (V 1 ) to the second voltage (V 2 ) continuously.
4. Lens system according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit (CC) is arranged to change the electric voltage (VC) from the first voltage (V 1 ) to the second voltage (V 2 ) in a plurality of steps.
5. Lens system according to claim 1 , wherein the container is substantially rotational symmetric around an axis.
6. Lens system according to claim 5 , wherein the first fluid (F 1 ) provides a meniscus shape, and wherein the interface (I) has an adjustable spherical shape.
7. Lens system according to claim 1 , arranged for non-rotational symmetric shapes of the interface (I).
8. Lens system according to claim 1 , arranged for adjustment of a focal point of incoming waves.
9. Lens system according to claim 1 , arranged for deflection of incoming waves.
10. Lens system according to claim 1 , wherein the first fluid (F 1 ) is an oil and the second fluid (F 2 ) is water.
11. Lens system according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second fluids (F 1 , F 2 ) are selected according to one of:
0.5
≤
98
V
(
D
Sd
)
0.5
≤
5
,
and
0.75
≤
98
V
(
D
Sd
)
0.5
≤
2
,
wherein V is an averaged kinematic viscosity in m 2 /s of the first and second fluids (F 1 , F 2 ), D is an averaged density in kg/m 3 of the first and second fluids (F 1 , F 2 ), S is a surface tension in N/m that the first and second fluids (F 1 , F 2 ) experience, and d is a diameter in m of the container at a contact line between the interface (I) and the container.
12. Method of adjusting a lens, the lens including a container enclosing a first fluid (F 1 ) arranged with an interface (I) to an electrically susceptible second fluid (F 2 ), wherein the interface (I) is arranged to refract incoming waves, wherein the first and second fluids (F 1 , F 2 ) are immiscible, wherein the first and second fluids (F 1 , F 2 ) are selected such that they together exhibit a mechanical damping which is near critical or critical, and wherein a shape of the interface (I) is adjustable upon application of an electric voltage (VC), the method including
applying a first voltage (V 1 ) to the lens, and
changing the electric voltage (VC) from the first voltage (V 1 ) to a second voltage (V 2 ) at a rate of voltage change which is low enough to avoid oscillation of the interface (I).
13. Imaging device including
an adjustable lens system (LS, CU) according to claim 1 , and
a transducer (T) arranged in connection with the lens system (LS, CU) so as to allow imaging of incoming waves refracted by the lens system (LS, CU).
14. Imaging device according to claim 13 , wherein the device is arranged for imaging during the change of refraction from the first refraction to the second refraction.
15. Imaging system including
an imaging device (LC, CU, T) according to claim 13 , and
an image processor (IMP) arranged to receive signals (TS) from the transducer (T), and to process the signals (TS) so as to generate images accordingly.