Long-lasting, flavored dosage forms for sustained release of beneficial agents within the mouth
Flavored dosage forms, e.g., lozenges and gums, are provided for sustained release of a flavoring agent in the mouth. The dosage forms provide sustained release by virtue of a wet matrix formed by admixture of a biocompatible, hydrophilic, water-insoluble polymer such as ethylcellulose and a flavoring agent, particularly an essential oil or a constituent thereof, e.g., a terpene or sesquiterpene. The dosage forms may also include a second beneficial agent in addition to the flavoring agent. Exemplary such beneficial agents include ionizable zinc compounds and other cold remedies, local anesthetic and anti-infective agents, diet aids, fluoride-releasing compounds, and nicotine. The dosage forms, when formulated as lozenges, may be somewhat adhesive or substantially nontacky, depending primarily on the molecular weight of the hydrophilic polymer. Adhesive lozenges can serve as dosage forms that adhere to the teeth or gums for delivery of a beneficial agent thereto. Methods for using the dosage forms to provide sustained release of a flavoring agent and optionally deliver a second beneficial agent are also provided, as are methods for treating the common cold, treating a sore throat, facilitating weight loss, and assisting in smoking cessation.
1. A flavored dosage form comprising a lozenge, wherein the lozenge comprises a sustained release matrix of:
(a) micronized ethylcellulose having a solution viscosity in the range of approximately 1 cP to 120 cP as determined at 25° C. using a 5% aqueous solution and representing approximately 25 wt. % to 49.5 wt. % of the lozenge; and
(b) a flavoring agent comprising mint oil essential oils, and optionally, constituents of mint oil essential oils, the mint oil essential oils representing approximately 25 wt. % to 49.5 wt. % of the lozenge,
wherein the micronized ethylcellulose and the flavoring agent are admixed and present in the dosage form at a weight ratio of approximately 1:1.5 to 1.5:1, such that the dosage form has a soft, pliable consistency and gradually erodes in the mouth while simultaneously gradually releasing the flavoring agent over an extended time period in the range of about 15 minutes to about 4 hours, and
wherein the sustained release matrix is formed by a process consisting essentially of admixing the micronized ethylcellulose and the essential oil flavoring agent at room temperature and ambient humidity.
2. The dosage form of claim 1 , wherein the extended time period is in the range of about 15 minutes to about 60 minutes.
3. The dosage form of claim 1 , wherein the extended time period is at least 60 minutes.
4. The dosage form of claim 3 , wherein the extended time period is at least 2 hours.
5. The dosage form of claim 1 , wherein the micronized ethylcellulose has a solution viscosity in the range of approximately 3 to 100 cP.
6. The dosage form of claim 5 , wherein the solution viscosity is in the range of approximately 6 to 49 cP.
7. The dosage form of claim 1 , wherein the mint oil is selected from peppermint oil, spearmint oil, or a combination thereof.
8. The dosage form of claim 1 , further including an effective sweetening amount of a sweetener.
9. The dosage form of claim 8 , wherein the sweetener comprises a sweetening agent selected from aspartame, saccharin, sodium saccharin, calcium saccharin, sucralose, acesulfame-K, sorbitol, xylitol, steviosin, steviol, mannitol, erythritol, lactitol, or mixtures thereof.
10. The dosage form of claim 1 , further comprising a colorant.
11. The dosage form of claim 1 , further including at least one additive selected from release rate accelerants, release rate retardants, adhesion-increasing agents, adhesion-reducing agents, flavor stabilizers, flavor diluents, pH-adjusting agents, preservatives, lubricants, and fillers.
12. The dosage form of claim 9 , wherein the sweetener comprises xylitol.
13. The dosage form of claim 1 , wherein the micronized ethylcellulose has an ethoxyl content in the range of about 45.0% to 52.0%.
14. The dosage form of claim 1 , wherein the micronized ethylcellulose has a mean particle size of about 20 microns.
15. The dosage form of claim 1 , wherein the micronized ethylcellulose has a solution viscosity in the range of approximately 90 to 110 cP.
16. The dosage form of claim 14 , wherein the micronized ethylcellulose has a solution viscosity in the range of approximately 90 to 110 cP.
17. The dosage form of claim 11 , wherein the at least one additive is present in the range of about 1 wt. % to 45 wt. % of the lozenge.
18. The dosage form according to claim 1 , wherein the sustained release matrix is formed by a process further comprising:
allowing the admixture of the micronized ethylcellulose and the essential oil flavoring agent to set and cutting the matrix to provide the lozenge.