Image display device using variable-focus lens at conjugate image plane
An image display device for optically displaying an image is disclosed. This device includes: a light source; an imaging-light generator converting light emitted from the light source, into imaging light representative of the image to be displayed, to thereby generate the imaging light; a relay optical system focusing the imaging light emitted from the imaging-light generator, on an image plane which is located at an optically conjugate position to the imaging-light generator, the relay optical system defining a pupil through which the imaging light passes, within the relay optical system; a variable-focus lens disposed at a position generally coincident with the pupil, the variable-focus lens having a varying focal length; and a wavefront-curvature adjuster configured to vary the focal length by operating the variable-focus lens, to thereby adjust a wavefront curvature of the imaging light emitted from the relay optical system.
1. An image display device for optically displaying an image, comprising:
a light source;
an imaging-light generator converting light emitted from the light source, into imaging light representative of the image to be displayed, to generate the imaging light;
a relay optical system focusing the imaging light emitted from the imaging-light generator, on an image plane which is located at an optically conjugate position to the imaging-light generator, the relay optical system defining a pupil through which the imaging light passes, the pupil located within the relay optical system, the imaging light having a minimum diameter at a position of the pupil;
a variable-focus lens disposed at a position generally coincident with the pupil, the variable-focus lens having a varying focal length; and
a wavefront-curvature adjuster configured to vary the focal length by operating the variable-focus lens, to adjust a wavefront curvature of the imaging light emitted from the relay optical system.
2. The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein the wavefront-curvature adjuster includes a modulator modulating the wavefront curvature based on depth information of the image.
3. The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein the image is made up of a series of successive frames,
the imaging-light generator includes a generating section configured to generate the imaging light, on a per-frame basis, so that a plurality of pixels representing each frame are displayed at a time, and
the wavefront-curvature adjuster includes an adjusting section configured to adjust the wavefront curvature, on a per-frame basis, in synchronization with display of the successive frames.
4. The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein the image is made up of a collection of a plurality of pixels, and
the wavefront-curvature adjuster includes an adjusting section configured to adjust the wavefront curvature, on a per-pixel basis or a per-pixel-group basis.
5. The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein the image is made up of a series of successive frames,
each frame is made up of a collection of a plurality of pixels,
the imaging-light generator includes a generating section configured to generate the imaging light, on a per-frame basis, so that the plurality of pixels representing each frame are displayed in a time-division sequence, on a per-pixel basis or a per-pixel-group basis, and
the wavefront-curvature adjuster includes an adjusting section configured to adjust the wavefront curvature, on a per-pixel basis or a per-pixel-group basis, in synchronization with display of the successive pixels or pixels groups.
6. The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein the variable-focus lens includes at least one of a liquid-crystal lens, a liquid lens, and a movable lens which is movable along an optical axis of the relay optical system.
7. The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein the imaging-light generator includes at least one of an optical scanner, and a spatial light modulator.
8. The image display device according to claim 7 , wherein the imaging-light generator includes the spatial light modulator, and the spatial light modulator includes at least one of a liquid-crystal display, an organic electroluminescence display, and a digital micro-mirror device.
9. The image display device according to claim 1 , further comprising:
an eyepiece optical system disposed downstream of the relay optical system, and
a wavefront-curvature offset mechanism configured to move the eyepiece optical system along an optical axis of the eyepiece optical system, and holding the eyepiece optical system at an arbitrarily-selected position, to offset the wavefront curvature from a default value.
10. The image display device according to claim 1 , further comprising a calibrator configured to move the variable-focus lens along an optical axis of the relay optical system, and holding the variable-focus lens at an arbitrarily-selected position, to calibrate a location of the variable-focus lens relative to the relay optical system.
11. The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein
the relay optical system is configured to have a front-stage relay lens and a rear-stage relay lens,
the pupil is located at a back focus point of the front-stage relay lens and a front focus point of the rear-stage relay lens, and
the variable-focus lens is disposed at a position generally coincident with the pupil.