Method of ligating hollow anatomical structures
A catheter includes a plurality of expandable primary leads to deliver energy to a fallopian tube, a vein such as a hemorrhoid or an esophageal varix, or another hollow anatomical structure requiring ligation or occlusion. Each of the primary leads includes an electrode located at the working end of the catheter. Separation is maintained between the primary leads such that the leads can receive power of selected polarity. The primary leads are constructed to expand outwardly to place the electrodes into apposition with a hollow anatomical structure. High frequency energy can be applied from the leads to create a heating effect in the surrounding tissue of the anatomical structure. The diameter of the hollow anatomical structure is reduced by the heating effect, and the electrodes of the primary leads are moved closer to one another.
1. A method of fallopian tube ligation, the method comprising:
introducing into a fallopian tube an elongate member having a distal end with a plurality of electrodes located at the distal end, the electrodes being arranged such that a bulbous convex distal surface of each faces radially outward and away from other ones of the electrodes;
applying negative pressure to the lumen of the fallopian tube with the elongate member; and
applying energy to the fallopian tube with the electrodes to collapse and effectively occlude the fallopian tube.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the elongate member further comprises a balloon;
further comprising inflating the balloon and thereby assisting in application of negative pressure to the lumen of the fallopian tube.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein:
the elongate member comprises a catheter with an orifice located distal of the balloon; and
applying negative pressure comprises applying said pressure via the orifice.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein:
the elongate member comprises a catheter with a wall and ports located in the wall distal of the balloon; and
applying negative pressure comprises applying said pressure via the ports.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising expanding the electrodes from the elongate member toward the inner wall of the fallopian tube.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing the elongate member through the uterus and into the fallopian tube.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising introducing the elongate member through an endoscope.