Expanding vertebral body implant

1. An expandable medical implant for supporting bone structures, the implant having an overall implant height adjustable along a longitudinal axis, the implant comprising:

an outer member being configured to cooperatively engage a first bone structure;

an inner member receivable in the outer member and movable relative to the outer member to increase and decrease the overall implant height, the inner member being configured to cooperatively engage a second bone structure,

wherein one of the outer and inner members includes a tapered surface and the other of the outer and inner members includes a scalloped roughened locking surface;

and a locking element disposed between the tapered surface and the roughened locking surface, the tapered surface being longitudinally movable relative to the locking element to shift the locking element in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis into engagement with the roughened locking surface to inhibit a decrease in the overall implant height.

2. The expandable implant of claim 1 , wherein the outer member includes an inner surface forming the tapered surface and wherein the inner member includes the roughened locking surface.

3. The expandable implant of claim 1 , further including a locker member disposed between the inner and outer member, the locker member including a receiving aperture containing the locking element.

4. The expandable implant of claim 3 , wherein the locker member is configured to act on the locking element to affect the position of the locking element relative to the tapered surface, and wherein the tapered surface is configured to affect the position of the locking element relative to the roughened locking surface.

5. The expandable implant of claim 3 , wherein the locker member and the locking element are movable relative to the tapered surface between a locked condition and a free condition.

6. The expandable implant of claim 5 , further including a biasing member configured to bias the locker member toward the locked condition.

7. The expandable implant of claim 6 , wherein the biasing member is a leaf spring.

8. The expandable implant of claim 1 , wherein the locking element is substantially cylindrical.

9. The expandable implant of claim 8 , wherein the locking element contacts the roughened locking surface along a line extending transverse to the longitudinal axis of the implant.

10. The expandable implant of claim 1 , including two locking elements disposed between the inner and outer members at opposing sides of the inner member.

11. The expandable implant of claim 1 , wherein the roughened locking surface of the inner member is a scalloped surface.

12. The expandable implant of claim 11 , wherein the scalloped surface is formed of increments less than 1 mm apart.

13. The expandable implant of claim 1 , wherein the inner member has a substantially rectangular cross section, and the roughened locking surface is formed on at least one side of the rectangle.

14. The expandable implant of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the inner and outer members includes vascularization openings formed on opposing sides of the implant.

15. The expandable implant of claim 14 , wherein the vascularization openings on one opposing side are larger than the vascularization openings on the other opposing side.

16. The expandable implant of claim 1 , wherein the roughened locking surface includes at least one vascularization opening formed therein.

17. An expandable medical implant for supporting bone structures, the implant having an overall implant height adjustable along a longitudinal axis, the implant comprising:

an outer member having an inner surface and being configured to cooperatively engage a first bone structure;

an inner member receivable in the outer member and movable relative to the outer member to increase and decrease the overall implant height; the inner member having a scalloped roughened locking surface and being configured to cooperatively engage a second bone structure; and

a locking element disposed between the inner surface of the outer member and the scalloped roughened locking surface of the inner member, the locking element being movable by axial translation between a locked condition and an unlocked condition,

and a biasing member operable to bias the locking element in a longitudinal direction toward the locked condition, the locking element being disposed to selectively engage the roughened locking surface to inhibit a decrease in the overall implant height.

18. The expandable implant of claim 17 , further including a locker member disposed between the inner and outer member, the locker member including a receiving aperture containing the locking element.

19. The expandable implant of claim 18 , wherein the locker member is configured to act on the locking element to affect the position of the locking element relative to the outer member, and wherein a tapered surface of the outer member is configured to affect the position of the locking element relative to the roughened locking surface of the inner member.

20. The expandable implant of claim 17 , further including a leaf spring biasing member configured to bias the locker member toward the locked condition.

21. The expandable implant of claim 17 , wherein the locking element is substantially cylindrical.

22. The expandable implant of claim 21 , wherein the locking element contacts the roughened locking surface along a line extending transverse to the longitudinal axis of the implant.

23. The expandable implant of claim 17 , including two locking elements disposed between the inner and outer members at opposing sides of the inner member.

24. The expandable implant of claim 23 , wherein at least one of the inner and outer members includes vascularization openings formed on opposing sides of the implant, and wherein the vascularization openings on one opposing side are larger than the vascularization openings on the other opposing side.

25. The expandable implant of claim 17 , wherein the scalloped surface is formed of increments less than 1 mm apart.

26. The expandable implant of claim 17 , wherein the inner member has a substantially rectangular cross section, and the roughened locking surface is formed on at least one side of the rectangle.

27. The expandable implant of claim 17 , wherein at least one of the inner and outer members includes vascularization openings formed on opposing sides of the implant, and wherein the vascularization openings on one opposing side are larger than the vascularization openings on the other opposing side.

28. An expandable medical implant for supporting bone structures, the implant having an overall implant height adjustable along a longitudinal axis, the implant comprising:

an outer member having a tapered inner surface and being configured to cooperatively engage a first bone structure;

a locker member receivable in the outer member and longitudinally movable relative to the outer member, the locker member including a receiving aperture;

an inner member receivable in the locker member and movable relative to the locker member and the outer member to increase and decrease the overall implant height, the inner member having a scalloped surface and being configured to cooperatively engage a second bone structure; and

a locking element disposed within the receiving aperture of the locker member, the locking element interfacing with the tapered inner surface of the outer member and the scalloped surface of the inner member, the tapered surface being longitudinally movable relative to the locking element to transversely shift the locking element into engagement with the scalloped surface to inhibit a decrease in the overall implant height.

29. The expandable implant of claim 28 , wherein the locker member and the locking element are movable relative the outer member between a locked condition and a free condition.

30. The expandable implant of claim 29 , further including a biasing member configured to bias the locker member toward the locked condition.

31. The expandable implant of claim 30 , wherein the biasing member is a leaf spring.

32. The expandable implant of claim 28 , wherein the locking element is substantially cylindrical.

33. The expandable implant of claim 32 , wherein the locking element contacts the scalloped surface along a line extending transverse to the longitudinal axis.

34. The expandable implant of claim 28 , including two locking elements disposed between the inner and outer members at opposing sides of the inner member.