Magnetic composites and methods of making and using
Disclosed herein is a magnetic paste that generally includes a magnetic component and a liquid organic component. The magnetic component includes a plurality of discrete nanoparticles, a plurality of nanoparticle-containing assemblies, or both. Magnetic devices can be formed from the magnetic paste. Methods of making and using the magnetic paste are also described.
1. A magnetic paste, comprising:
a magnetic component and a liquid organic component, wherein the magnetic component comprises a plurality of discrete nanoparticles, a plurality of nanoparticle-containing assemblies, or both, wherein each assembly of the plurality of nanoparticle-containing assemblies has an average longest dimension of about 0.5 to about 150 micrometers, wherein the magnetic component comprises two or more different sized groups of assemblies or discrete nanoparticles.
2. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein an assembly of the plurality of nanoparticle-containing assemblies is a solid composite comprising a plurality of separate conductive nanoparticles dispersed in an insulating matrix.
3. The magnetic paste of claim 2 , wherein a nanoparticle-nanoparticle separation distance is about 1 to about 100 nanometers.
4. The magnetic paste of claim 2 , wherein the insulating matrix comprises a high dielectric material.
5. The magnetic paste of claim 2 , wherein at least a portion of the separate conductive nanoparticles is coated with an insulating composition.
6. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein an assembly of the plurality of nanoparticle-containing assemblies is a microscale particle comprising a plurality of agglomerated nanoparticles.
7. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein the liquid organic component is an epoxy, a polyimide, a polystyrene, ethyl cellulose, or benzocyclobutene.
8. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , where the magnetic component comprises assemblies of three different sizes.
9. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic component comprises greater than or equal to about 40 volume percent of the magnetic paste.
10. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic component comprises about 40 to about 92 volume percent of the magnetic paste.
11. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein each assembly of the plurality of assemblies has a packing density greater than or equal to about 75 percent of a theoretical density.
12. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of nanoparticle-containing assemblies are in direct contact with an other of the plurality of nanoparticle-containing assemblies.
13. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of discrete nanoparticles has a nanoparticle-nanoparticle separation distance of about 1 to about 100 nanometers.
14. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic component comprises two different sized groups of discrete nanoparticles and wherein the size of the nanoparticles in a second sized group to the size of the nanoparticles in a first size group is about 0.1:1 to about 0.8:1.
15. The magnetic paste of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic component comprises three different sized groups of discrete nanoparticles, wherein the size the nanoparticles in a third sized group to the size of the nanoparticles in a second sized group is about 0.1:1 to about 0.8:1 and wherein the size of the nanoparticles in the second sized group to the size of the nanoparticles in a first sized group is about 0.1:1 to about 0.8:1.