Body-associated fluid transport structure evaluation devices
Implantable devices for evaluating body-associated fluid transport structures and methods for using the same are provided. In some instances, the implantable devices include an elongated structure with at least one hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensor stably associated therewith and a transmitter. The devices find use in a variety of different applications, including monitoring the function of various types of body-associated fluid transport structures, such as arteriovenous fistulae, vascular grafts, catheters, cerebrospinal fluid shunts, and implantable central venous access devices.
1. An implantable device comprising:
a single lumen catheter comprising:
an elongated flexible tubular catheter body having a proximal end, a distal end, and at least one opening formed on the elongated flexible tubular catheter body between the proximal end and the distal end, the at least one opening is configured to draw up blood into the elongated flexible tubular catheter body and the distal end is configured to return the blood; and
a plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors formed inside the elongated flexible tubular catheter body, the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors configured to sense the blood to generate data associated with the blood; and
a subcutaneous port physically coupled to the single lumen catheter at the proximal end of the elongated flexible tubular catheter body,
the subcutaneous port comprising:
a transmitter communicatively coupled to the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors, the transmitter configured to transmit the data obtained from the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors to an external device.
2. The implantable device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors comprise at least two hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors.
3. The implantable device according to claim 2 , wherein the at least two hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors are each connected to the transmitter by individual signal conductors.
4. The implantable device according to claim 2 , wherein the at least two hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors are connected to the transmitter by a common signal conductor.
5. The implantable device according to claim 1 , further comprising a power source.
6. The implantable device according to claim 1 , further comprising a hermetically sealed ultrasound reflector.
7. The implantable device according to claim 1 , wherein the transmitter comprises a processor configured to process the data obtained from the plurality of hermetically sealed sensors.
8. A system for evaluating fluid flow, the system comprising:
a single lumen catheter comprising:
an elongated flexible tubular catheter body having a proximal end, a distal end, and at least one opening formed on the elongated flexible tubular catheter body between the proximal end and the distal end, the at least one opening is configured to draw up blood into the elongated flexible tubular catheter body and the distal end is configured to return the blood; and
a plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors formed inside the elongated flexible tubular catheter body, the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors configured to sense the blood to generate data associated with the blood;
a subcutaneous port physically coupled to the single lumen catheter at the proximal end of the elongated flexible tubular catheter body,
the subcutaneous port comprising:
a transmitter communicatively coupled to the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors, the transmitter configured to transmit the data obtained from the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors; and
an external unit configured to receive the data from the transmitter.
9. The system according to claim 8 , wherein the external unit comprises a processor configured to process the data obtained from the transmitter.
10. The system according to claim 8 , wherein the transmitter comprises a processor configured to process the data obtained from the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors.
11. A kit comprising:
(a) a device comprising:
(i) a single lumen catheter comprising:
an elongated flexible tubular catheter body having a proximal end, a distal end, and at least one opening formed on the elongated flexible tubular catheter body between the proximal end and the distal end, the at least one opening is configured to draw up blood into the elongated flexible tubular catheter body and the distal end is configured to return the blood; and
a plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors formed inside the elongated flexible tubular catheter body, the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors configured to sense the blood to generate data associated with the blood; and
(ii) a subcutaneous port physically coupled to the single lumen catheter at the proximal end of the elongated flexible tubular catheter body,
the subcutaneous port comprising:
a transmitter communicatively coupled to the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors, the transmitter configured to transmit the data obtained from the plurality of hermetically sealed integrated circuit sensors; and
(b) an external unit for receiving the data from the transmitter.
12. The device according to claim 6 , wherein the hermetically sealed ultrasound reflector comprises:
a substrate with a cavity;
a cap sealing the cavity; and
at least one resonator suspended in the cavity.
13. The device according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one resonator is made of a high modulus alloy.
14. The device according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one resonator comprises two resonators of different sizes and configurations.
15. The device according to claim 14 , wherein the two resonators resonate at two different frequencies.
16. The device according to claim 12 , wherein each of the at least one resonator comprises multiple resonator arms.
17. The device according to claim 16 , wherein a shape of the multiple resonator arms is finger-like.