Method for producing sintered NdFeB magnet
The present invention provides a method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet having high coercivity and capable of being brought into applications without lowering its residual magnetic flux density or maximum energy product and without reprocessing. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to the present invention includes applying a substance containing dysprosium (Dy) and/or terbium (Tb) to the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet forming a base body and then heating the magnet to diffuse Dy and/or Tb through the grain boundary and thereby increase the coercivity of the magnet. This method is characterized in that: (1) the substance containing Dy or Tb to be applied to the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet is substantially a metal powder; (2) the metal powder is composed of a rare-earth element R and an iron-group transition element T, or composed of R, T and another element X, the element X capable of forming an alloy or intermetallic compound with R and/or T; and (3) the oxygen content of the sintered NdFeB magnet forming the base body is 5000 ppm or lower. The element T may contain nickel (Ni) or cobalt (Co) to produce an anticorrosion effect.
1. A method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet, comprising:
applying a substance to a surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet, the substance being substantially a metal powder comprising (i) a rare earth element component (R) that is dysprosium and/or terbium and optionally at least one other rare earth element and (ii) an iron group transition element component (T) that is at least one member selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, and nickel; and then
heating the magnet to diffuse dysprosium and/or terbium through grain boundaries of the magnet in order to increase coercivity of the magnet,
wherein an oxygen content of the sintered NdFeB magnet is 5000 ppm or lower.
2. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the oxygen content is 4000 ppm or lower.
3. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , wherein nickel and/or cobalt total 10% or more by weight of the iron group transition element component (T).
4. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , comprising:
applying an adhesive layer on the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet;
putting the sintered NdFeB magnet with the adhesive layer applied thereon, the metal powder and an impact media into a container;
vibrating or stirring a content of the container to form a powdered layer made of the metal powder with a uniform thickness on the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet; and
heating the sintered NdFeB magnet with the powdered layer formed thereon to cause grain boundary diffusion.
5. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 2 , wherein nickel and/or cobalt total 10% or more by weight of the iron group transition element component (T).
6. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 2 , comprising:
applying an adhesive layer on the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet;
putting the sintered NdFeB magnet with the adhesive layer applied thereon, the metal powder and an impact media into a container;
vibrating or stirring a content of the container to form a powdered layer made of the metal powder with a uniform thickness on the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet; and
heating the sintered NdFeB magnet with the powdered layer formed thereon to cause grain boundary diffusion.
7. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 3 , comprising:
applying an adhesive layer on the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet;
putting the sintered NdFeB magnet with the adhesive layer applied thereon, the metal powder and an impact media into a container;
vibrating or stirring a content of the container to form a powdered layer made of the metal powder with a uniform thickness on the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet; and
heating the sintered NdFeB magnet with the powdered layer formed thereon to cause grain boundary diffusion.
8. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 5 , comprising:
applying an adhesive layer on the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet;
putting the sintered NdFeB magnet with the adhesive layer applied thereon, the metal powder and an impact media into a container;
vibrating or stirring a content of the container to form a powdered layer made of the metal powder with a uniform thickness on the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet; and
heating the sintered NdFeB magnet with the powdered layer formed thereon to cause grain boundary diffusion.
9. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the rare earth element component (R) is 10% to 60% by weight of the metal powder.
10. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 9 , wherein the rare earth element component (R) is 25% to 45% by weight of the metal powder.
11. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the iron group transition element component (T) is 20% to 80% by weight of the metal powder.
12. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 11 , wherein the iron group transition element component (T) is 30% to 75% by weight of the metal powder.
13. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 3 , wherein nickel and/or cobalt total 20% or more by weight of the iron group transition element component (T).
14. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , wherein an average grain size of the metal powder is 5 μm or smaller.
15. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 14 , wherein the average grain size is 0.3 to 3 μm.
16. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the metal powder further comprises an element (X) capable of forming an alloy or intermetallic compound with the rare earth element component (R) and/or the iron group transition element component (T).
17. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the substance is applied to the surface of the magnet without sputtering.
18. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the substance is applied to the surface of the magnet using an adhesive.
19. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the metal powder comprises no more than insubstantial amounts of oxides and/or fluorides of dysprosium and/or terbium.