Power control for induction motors using variable frequency AC power
An autonomous controller allows an AC induction motor to operate over a broad range of AC power supply frequencies by reducing the amount of current supplied to the motor at lower frequencies. The controller detects the frequency of the power supply and switches the supply current on and off during each AC cycle to limit the RMS current to a value that is related to the detected frequency. Alternatively, the controller switches capacitive reactance into the power supply circuit which reduces the current supplied to the motor at lower AC frequencies.
1. A method of controlling power supplied by an alternating current (AC) power source to an induction motor over a range of frequencies, comprising:
detecting a frequency of AC power being supplied to the motor;
converting an analog value of the detected frequency to a digital signal;
generating a timing pulse for each phase of the AC power based on the digital signal, wherein each of the timing pulses causes a delay in power delivery to the motor for a corresponding one of the phases, and wherein generating the timing pulses comprises using an algorithm to calculate a duration during each cycle of power that the AC power is to be switched on; and
switching current for each phase of the AC power based on the timing pulses.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the timing pulses comprises determining a time delay for each phase of the AC power.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the switching is performed using a solid state switch.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the switching includes reducing current supplied by the AC power source to the motor during each cycle of the power.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein using the algorithm comprises referencing a lookup table with the detected frequency.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein durations of the delays depend on a magnitude of the digital value representative of the detected frequency.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adjusting the time pulses based on characteristics of the motor.
8. A method of controlling power supplied by an alternating current (AC) power source to an induction motor over a range of frequencies, comprising:
detecting a frequency of AC power being delivered to the motor;
when the detected frequency is at a first point in the range of frequencies, placing a switch in a first position to introduce reactive capacitance between the AC power source and the motor to reduce current supplied to the motor from the AC power source; and
when the detected frequency is at a second point in the range of frequencies greater than the first point, placing the switch in a second position such that current from the AC power source is directly supplied to the motor.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein a value of the reactive capacitive introduced when the switch is in the first position is greater than the reactance of the motor at the second point in the range of frequencies.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein placing the switch in the first position comprises coupling capacitors in series with each phase of the AC power source.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first point in the range of frequencies is below a preselected frequency.
12. A tangible machine readable storage device comprising instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to at least:
convert an analog value of a detected frequency of alternating current (AC) power being supplied to an induction motor to a digital signal, wherein the AC power is supplied by an AC power source to the induction motor over a range of frequencies;
generate a timing pulse for each phase of the AC power based on the digital signal, wherein each of the timing pulses causes a delay in power delivery to the motor for a corresponding one of the phases, and wherein generating the timing pulses comprises using an algorithm to calculate a duration during each cycle of power that the AC power is to be switched on; and cause switching of current for each phase of the AC power based on the timing pulses.
13. The tangible machine readable storage device as defined in claim 12 , wherein the instructions cause the machine to generate the timing pulses by determining a time delay for each phase of the AC power.
14. The tangible machine readable storage device as defined in claim 12 , wherein the switching is performed using a solid state switch.
15. The tangible machine readable storage device as defined in claim 12 , wherein the switching includes reducing current supplied by the AC power source to the motor during each cycle of the power.
16. The tangible machine readable storage device as defined in claim 12 , wherein using the algorithm comprises referencing a lookup table with the detected frequency.
17. The tangible machine readable storage device as defined in claim 12 , wherein the instructions cause the machine to adjust the time pulses based on characteristics of the motor.
18. A method of controlling power supplied by an alternating current (AC) power source to an induction motor over a range of frequencies, comprising:
detecting a frequency of AC power being supplied to the motor;
converting an analog value of the detected frequency to a digital signal;
generating a timing pulse for each phase of the AC power based on the digital signal, wherein each of the timing pulses causes a delay in power delivery to the motor for a corresponding one of the phases, and wherein durations of the delays depend on a magnitude of the digital value representative of the detected frequency; and
switching current for each phase of the AC power based on the timing pulses.
19. A tangible machine readable storage device comprising instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to at least:
convert an analog value of a detected frequency of alternating current (AC) power being supplied to an induction motor to a digital signal, wherein the AC power is supplied by an AC power source to the induction motor over a range of frequencies;
generate a timing pulse for each phase of the AC power based on the digital signal, wherein each of the timing pulses causes a delay in power delivery to the motor for a corresponding one of the phases, and wherein durations of the delays depend on a magnitude of the digital value representative of the detected frequency; and cause switching of current for each phase of the AC power based on the timing pulses.