Payment cards and devices with enhanced magnetic emulators
A payment card (e.g., credit and/or debit card) or other device (e.g., mobile telephone) is provided with a magnetic emulator operable to communicate data to a magnetic stripe read-head. Such a magnetic emulator may comprise non-magnetostrictive material such that the magnetic emulator may be fabricated in a wide variety of fabrication processes. Additionally, magnets may be added to amplify the signal of a magnetic emulator. In doing so, a magnetic emulator may provide a large amount of signal while consuming a reduced amount of electrical energy when compared to a magnetic emulator that does not include the presence of one or more magnets.
1. A card comprising:
an electronic device operable to serially communicate data to an external card reading device, said electronic device comprising:
a first layer of flexible board,
a second layer of flexible board, wherein a coil operable, at least in part, to serially communicate said data is provided lengthwise across said first and second layers, and
a material located between said first layer and said second layer, wherein no permanent magnet is located outside of said coil; and
a third layer of flexible board between said first layer and said second layer,
wherein said third layer includes an aperture, and
at least a portion of said material is in said aperture.
2. The card of claim 1 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material.
3. The card of claim 1 , wherein said material is located inside of said coil.
4. The card of claim 1 , wherein said coil is a plurality of coils.
5. The card of claim 1 , wherein said material is a magnetostrictive material.
6. The card of claim 1 , wherein said material is an insulator.
7. A card comprising:
an electronic device operable to serially communicate data to an external card reading device, said electronic device comprising:
a first layer of flexible board,
a second layer of flexible board, wherein a coil operable, at least in part, to serially communicate said data is provided lengthwise across said first and second layers,
a material located between said first layer and said second layer, and
a permanent magnet located outside of said coil; and
a third layer of flexible board between said first layer and said second layer,
wherein said third layer includes an aperture, and
at least a portion of said magnet is in said aperture.
8. The card of claim 7 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material.
9. The card of claim 7 , wherein said material is located inside of said coil.
10. The card of claim 7 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material, said soft-magnetic material being thinner than said magnet.
11. The card of claim 7 , wherein said coil is a plurality of coils.
12. The card of claim 7 , wherein said material is a magnetostrictive material.
13. The card of claim 7 , wherein said coil is a plurality of coils, and
said material is located inside said plurality of coils.
14. The card of claim 7 , wherein a length of said magnet is about a length of said electronic device, and
said magnet is in parallel with said electronic device.
15. The card of claim 7 , wherein said material is separated from said magnet by an insulator.
16. The card of claim 7 , wherein said material is an insulator.
17. A card, comprising:
an electronic device operable to serially communicate data to an external card reading device, said electronic device comprising:
a first layer of flexible board,
a second layer of flexible board, wherein a coil operable, at least in part, to serially communicate said data is provided lengthwise across said first and second layers, and
a material located between said first layer and said second layer, wherein no permanent magnet is located outside of said coil; and
an H-bridge.
18. The card of claim 17 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material.
19. The card of claim 17 , wherein said material is located inside of said coil.
20. The card of claim 17 , wherein said coil is a plurality of coils.
21. The card of claim 17 , wherein said material is a magnetostrictive material.
22. The card of claim 17 , wherein said material is an insulator.
23. A card, comprising:
an electronic device operable to serially communicate data to an external card reading device, said electronic device comprising:
a first layer of flexible board,
a second layer of flexible board, wherein a coil operable, at least in part, to serially communicate said data is provided lengthwise across said first and second layers, and
a material located between said first layer and said second layer, wherein no permanent magnet is located outside of said coil,
wherein said first layer of flexible board includes a plurality of first coil segments, and
said second layer of flexible board includes a plurality of second coil segments.
24. The card of claim 23 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material.
25. The card of claim 23 , wherein said material is located inside of said coil.
26. The card of claim 23 , wherein said coil is a plurality of coils.
27. The card of claim 23 , wherein said material is a magnetostrictive material.
28. The card of claim 23 , wherein said material is an insulator.
29. A card, comprising:
an electronic device operable to serially communicate data to an external card reading device, said electronic device comprising:
a first layer of flexible board,
a second layer of flexible board, wherein a coil operable, at least in part, to serially communicate said data is provided lengthwise across said first and second layers,
a material located between said first layer and said second layer, and
a permanent magnet located outside of said coil,
wherein said first layer of flexible board includes a plurality of first coil segments, and
said second layer of flexible board includes a plurality of second coil segments.
30. The card of claim 29 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material.
31. The card of claim 29 , wherein said material is located inside of said coil.
32. The card of claim 29 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material, said soft-magnetic material being thinner than said magnet.
33. The card of claim 29 , wherein said coil is a plurality of coils.
34. The card of claim 29 , wherein said material is a magnetostrictive material.
35. The card of claim 29 , wherein said magnet is a plurality of magnets,
said coil is a plurality of coils, and
said material is located inside said plurality of coils.
36. The card of claim 29 , wherein a length of said magnet is about a length of said electronic device, and
said magnet is in parallel with said electronic device.
37. The card of claim 29 , wherein said material is separated from said magnet by an insulator.
38. A card, comprising:
an electronic device operable to serially communicate data to an external card reading device, said electronic device comprising:
a first layer of flexible board,
a second layer of flexible board, wherein a coil operable, at least in part, to serially communicate said data is provided lengthwise across said first and second layers, and
a material located between said first layer and said second layer, wherein no permanent magnet is located outside of said coil; and
a third layer of flexible board,
wherein a plurality of first coil segments are on said first layer,
said material is on said second layer,
a plurality of second coil segments are on said third layer,
a plurality of vias extend through said second layer, and
said vias each include a connector coupling at least one of said first coil segments to at least one of said second coil segments.
39. The card of claim 38 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material.
40. The card of claim 38 , wherein said material is located inside of said coil.
41. The card of claim 38 , wherein said coil is a plurality of coils.
42. The card of claim 38 , wherein said material is a magnetostrictive material.
43. The card of claim 38 , wherein said material is an insulator.
44. A card, comprising:
an electronic device operable to serially communicate data to an external card reading device, said electronic device comprising:
a first layer of flexible board,
a second layer of flexible board, wherein a coil operable, at least in part, to serially communicate said data is provided lengthwise across said first and second layers,
a material located between said first layer and said second layer, and
a permanent magnet located outside of said coil; and
a third layer of flexible board,
wherein a plurality of first coil segments are on said first layer,
vias extend through said first layer, said second layer, and said third layer,
a plurality of second coil segments are on said third layer, and
said vias include connectors coupling said first coil segments to said second coil segments.
45. The card of claim 44 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material.
46. The card of claim 44 , wherein said material is located inside of said coil.
47. The card of claim 44 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material, said soft-magnetic material being thinner than said magnet.
48. The card of claim 44 , wherein said coil is a plurality of coils.
49. The card of claim 44 , wherein said material is a magnetostrictive material.
50. The card of claim 44 , wherein said magnet is a plurality of magnets,
said coil is a plurality of coils, and
said material is located inside said plurality of coils.
51. The card of claim 44 , wherein a length of said magnet is about a length of said electronic device, and
said magnet is in parallel with said electronic device.
52. The card of claim 44 , wherein said material is separated from said magnet by an insulator.
53. A card, comprising:
an electronic device operable to serially communicate data to an external card reading device, said electronic device comprising:
a first layer of flexible board,
a second layer of flexible board, wherein a coil operable, at least in part, to serially communicate said data is provided lengthwise across said first and second layers,
a material located between said first layer and said second layer, and
a permanent magnet located outside of said coil; and
a second electronic device comprising:
said first layer of flexible board, and
said second layer of flexible board,
wherein a second coil is provided across said first layer and said second layer, and
each of said coils is on said magnet.
54. The card of claim 53 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material.
55. The card of claim 53 , wherein said material is located inside of said second coil.
56. The card of claim 53 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material, said soft-magnetic material being thinner than said magnet.
57. The card of claim 53 , wherein said material is a magnetostrictive material.
58. The card of claim 53 , wherein said magnet is a plurality of magnets, and
said material is located inside each of said coils.
59. The card of claim 53 , wherein a length of said magnet is about a length of said electronic device, and
said magnet is in parallel with said electronic device.
60. The card of claim 53 , wherein said material is separated from said magnet by an insulator.
61. A card, comprising:
an electronic device operable to serially communicate data to an external card reading device, said electronic device comprising:
a first layer of flexible board,
a second layer of flexible board, wherein a coil operable, at least in part, to serially communicate said data is provided lengthwise across said first and second layers,
a material located between said first layer and said second layer, and
a permanent magnet located outside of said coil,
wherein said magnet extends through at least one layer of flexible board.
62. The card of claim 61 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material.
63. The card of claim 61 , wherein said material is located inside of said coil.
64. The card of claim 61 , wherein said material is a soft-magnetic material, said soft-magnetic material being thinner than said magnet.
65. The card of claim 61 , wherein said coil is a plurality of coils.
66. The card of claim 61 , wherein a length of said magnet is about a length of said electronic device, and
said magnet is in parallel with said electronic device.
67. The card of claim 61 , wherein said material is separated from said magnet by an insulator.