Water dispersible polyisocyanate compositions
Non aqueous water dispersible compositions comprising: I) polyisocyanates, which are made hydrophilic by reaction with a 1,3- or 1,2-nonionic diol containing one alkoxy-terminated polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene chain, II) one or more ethoxylated alcohol phosphates having at least one phosphoric group in acid form, and optionally III) a water miscible organic solvent, the compositions being useful as crosslinker for polyurethane aqueous dispersions.
1. A non-aqueous compositions comprising:
i) from about 30 to about 99% by weight of one or more nonionic hydrophilic polyisocyanates obtained from the reaction of:
a) an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates having from 3 to 10 isocyanate groups per molecule; and
b) at least one 1,3- or 1,2-nonionic diol containing a single alkoxy-terminated polyoxyethylenic and/or polyoxypropylenic chain;
ii) from about 1 to about 20% by weight of one or more ethoxylated alcohol phosphates in acid form having formula:
wherein:
R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkyl group having from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and
s is an integer from 2 to 20, t is 1 or 2; and
iii) from 0 to about 50% by weight of an organic solvent that is miscible with water.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the ethoxylated alcohol phosphate in acid form is present at a concentration of from 5 to 15% by weight.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein R is a saturated, linear or branched, alkyl group, having from 12 to 15 carbon atoms.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein s is an integer from 4 to 10.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the 1,3- or 1,2-nonionic diol containing a single alkoxy-terminated polyoxyethylenic and/or polyoxypropylenic chain has the general formula:
and:
R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and are chosen from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, and i-butyl;
n is a number from 0 to 40;
m is a number from 0 to 40; and
the sum of n+m is an integer from 20 to 80.
6. The composition of claim 5 wherein the diol is a 1,3-diol having formula (I) wherein
R2 is methyl, R3 is ethyl, n is from 15 to 30 and m is from 0 to 10.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the nonionic hydrophilic polyisocyanate contains from 1 to 25% by weight of polyoxyethylenic and/or polyoxypropylenic chains deriving from the 1,3- and/or 1,2-nonionic diol, and from 0 to 10% by weight of polyoxyethylenic and/or polyoxypropylenic chains deriving from the reaction of the polyisocyanate with ethoxylated and/or propoxylated alcohols selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated and/or propoxylated derivatives of methanol, n-butanol, cyclohexanol, 3-methyl-3-hydroxymethyloxy ethane, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylol propane, and mixtures thereof.
8. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nonionic hydrophilic polyisocyanate contains from 3 to 15% by weight of polyoxyethylenic and/or polyoxypropylenic chains deriving from 1,3- and/or 1,2-nonionic diols.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the nonionic hydrophilic polyisocyanate is a compound obtained from trimerization, biurethization, urethanization or allophanation of polyisocyanates.
10. The composition of claim 9 wherein the polyisocyanate that is subjected to trimerization, biurethization, urethanization or allophanation is selected from the group consisting of hexamethylendiisocyanate, isophoronediisocyanate, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethanediisocyanate, and mixtures thereof.
11. The composition of claim 10 wherein the nonionic hydrophilic polyisocyanate is an isocyanurate obtained by the trimerization hexamethylendiisocyanate.
12. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent is chosen from the group consisting of: acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, cyclohexanone, dimethylamides from acids, 1,3-dioxolane, dibutylether, dimethyl, diethyl or dibutyl cellosolve, dimethyl, diethyl or dibutyl carbitol, propylene glycol dimethyl, diethyl or dibutyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dimethoxymethane, methyl ester of adipic or succinic acid, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methoxypropyl acetate, glyoxal tetramethylacetal, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl pyrrolidone, methylpyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof.
13. A polyurethane aqueous dispersion comprising the composition of claim 1 and a polyurethane.
14. The polyurethane aqueous dispersions of claim 13 wherein the composition of claim 1 functions as a crosslinker.
15. An article of manufacture prepared using a polyurethane aqueous dispersion comprising the composition of claim 1 and a polyurethane wherein the article of manufacture is a substrate coated with the polyurethane aqueous dispersion.
16. The article of manufacture of claim 15 wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of leather, paper, cardboard, plastic and metal.
17. An article of manufacture prepared by admixing a formulation comprising a polyurethane aqueous dispersion of claim 1 and a polyurethane wherein the article of manufacture adhesives has properties allowing it to be employed as adhesives, printing pastes, and impregnating agents for fabrics and fibers.