Methods to fabricate fully enclosed hollow structures using friction stir welding
A method is taught for creating a hollow sphere that is created by joining two cylinders together that have a semispherical hollow formed in the ends being joined together, wherein a metallic reinforcing disk is inserted at an interface between the two ends of the cylinders, wherein the two cylinders and reinforcing disk are joined using friction stir welding to create an inner sphere from the two hemispherical hollows that is bisected by the metallic reinforcing disk, and wherein the joined cylinders and reinforcing disk are machined to thereby create an outer spherical surface that is centered around the inner sphere.
1. A method for creating a hollow assembly that is bisected by a reinforcing disk using friction stir welding, said method comprising:
1) providing two cylinders, each cylinder having a joining end that forms a hollow, the hollows in the two cylinders being two different shapes that form an assymetrical hollow;
2) placing the two joining ends of the two cylinders to form a joint, with a reinforcing disk inserted therebetween;
3) friction stir welding around the two cylinders at the joint to thereby join the two cylinders and the reinforcing disk, wherein a hollowed out and assymetrical inner space is now created at an interface of the two cylinders, with the reinforcing disk bisecting the inner space; and
4) machining the two cylinders to form a hollow assembly that is centered around the inner space and the reinforcing disk, wherein the method further comprises manufacturing the hollow assembly into a ball.
2. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the method further comprises perforating the reinforcing disk to thereby decrease the weight of the hollow assembly by removing material from the reinforcing disk.
3. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the method further comprises using a material for the reinforcing disk that is different from the material used in the two cylinders to thereby bring a different material into the hollow assembly.
4. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the method further comprises selecting a material or materials for the hollow assembly in order to achieve a neutral or positive buoyancy for a given fluid media.
5. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the method further comprises selecting the material for the hollow assembly to be comprised of AA7075 aluminum.
6. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the method further comprises manufacturing the hollow assembly as a frac ball or as a ball in a check valve.
7. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the method further comprises manufacturing a first one of the two cylinders from a first material and manufacturing a second one of the two cylinders from a second material that is different from the first material.
8. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the method further comprises manufacturing the reinforcing disk from a material that is different from the two cylinders that form the hollow assembly to thereby provide integrity to the hollow assembly when the hollow assembly is in a high temperature environment.
9. The method as defined in claim 8 wherein the method further comprises selecting a material for the reinforcing disk from the group of materials comprised of steel and other ferrous alloys.