Non-reflective imaging optics for optical devices, particularly in opthalmology
Imaging optics for optical devices, with which reflections of the illumination light, which is guided through the same optical elements as the observation light, are kept from reaching the observation pupil of the imaging beam path. The non-reflective imaging optics include at least two refractive optical elements, which are utilized for illumination as well as observation. The at least two refractive optical elements are designed approximately wedge-shaped and are tilted at a random azimuth angle of at least 5° and/or are positioned off-center in the beam path to block out the single reflections of the illumination, occurring at the optical system surfaces, for the observation. The imaging optics are for optical devices, particularly in ophthalmology thought the invention is applicable to other ophthalmological devices as well as to optical devices outside of this field.
1. Non-reflective imaging optics for optical devices, in general and in ophthalmology,
comprising at least two refractive optical elements including a first refractive optical element and a second refractive optical element, which are utilized for illumination as well as observation, wherein the at least two refractive optical elements are approximately wedge-shaped and are tilted at a random azimuth angle of at least 5° and/or are positioned off-center in the beam path to completely block out single reflections of the illumination, occurring at the optical system surfaces, for the observation;
wherein at least two optical system surfaces of the at least two refractive optical elements, are designed as free-form surfaces, while remaining optical system surfaces of the at least two refractive optical elements are aspherical, toric or spherical in form.
2. Non-reflective imaging optics, according to claim 1 , wherein the optical system surfaces, designed as free-form surfaces, of the at least two refractive optical elements, which are designed approximately wedge-shaped and tilted in the beam path, are toric in form.
3. Non-reflective imaging optics, according to claim 1 , wherein exactly two refractive optical elements are designed approximately wedge-shaped and are tilted at a random azimuth angle of at least 5° and/or are positioned off-center in the beam path to completely block out single reflections of the illumination, occurring at the optical system surfaces, for the observation.
4. Non-reflective imaging optics, according to claim 1 , wherein anterior system surfaces of both refractive optical elements comprise free-form surfaces, a posterior system surface of the first refractive optical element is designed as torus, and a posterior system surface of the second refractive optical element is designed as sphere, and the overall design of the Non-reflective imaging optics is described as follows:
Surface
Radius [mm]
Thickness [mm]
Glass
Comment
SA = BQ
0.000000
127.023559
ZB
0.000000
33.434954
2 v
460.241355
40.000000
N-LAK8
XY polynomial
2 h
−112.724233
3.416369
Torus
3 v
67.330573
21.208847
N-LAK8
Sphere
3 h
−553.072593
49.259906
XY polynomial
P = IA
0.000000
17.000000Y
Ideal lens
f′ = 17 mm
R
0.000000
Position of the surfaces:
Translation of the coordinate systems:
Surface
X [mm]
Y [mm]
Z [mm]
2 v
−0.015804
−0.009449
0.000000
2 h
−0.176313
4.129852
0.000000
3 v
−1.160058
9.969841
0.000000
3 h
0.397186
4.114025
0.000000
P = IA
0.194216
2.831227
0.000000
Rotation of the coordinate systems with regard to eye pupil (in air):
Surface
Alpha [degree]
Beta [degree]
Gamma [degree]
2 v
−9.715970
−0.842779
0.000000
2 h
−14.376718
16.307588
0.000000
3 v
−9.946335
15.458494
0.000000
3 h
−11.913235
2.391050
0.000000
P = IA
1.482621
−0.261571
−0.138182
Description of the surface shapes of surfaces 2 v , 2 h , 3 h :
z
=
ρ
x
x
2
+
ρ
y
y
2
1
+
1
-
(
1
+
κ
x
)
ρ
x
2
x
2
-
(
1
+
κ
y
)
ρ
y
2
y
2
+
c
1
·
x
+
c
2
·
y
+
c
3
·
x
2
+
c
4
·
x
·
y
+
c
5
·
y
2
+
c
6
·
x
3
+
c
7
·
x
2
·
y
+
c
8
·
x
·
y
2
+
c
9
·
y
3
+
c
10
·
x
4
+
c
11
·
x
3
·
y
+
…
Surface 2 v :
K x =
0.000000000E+00
K y =
0.000000000E+00
1/ρ x =
262.029626
1/ρ y =
460.241355
c 1-3
−8.16682913E−02
1.30744652E−02
3.41935416E−03
c 4-6
−7.06926443E−04
2.79954523E−03
−7.24668714E−05
c 7-9
−7.13866226E−05
−8.22329726E−05
−7.79315372E−05
c 10-12
−3.21596886E−07
1.76630879E−07
−5.03015616E−07
c 13-15
−2.78639559E−07
−1.02664121E−06
8.17043798E−09
c 16-18
1.47741005E−08
2.45319524E−08
−6.39279788E−09
c 19-21
7.16686190E−09
−2.93771547E−09
2.40054911E−11
c 22-24
3.80865136E−12
3.12139213E−10
−2.66011419E−10
c 25-27
−2.10800584E−10
8.11033757E−11
1.06969528E−11
Surface 2 h :
K x =
0.000000000E+00
K y =
0.000000000E+00
1/ρ x =
−192.389983
1/ρ y =
−112.724233
c 1-27
0.000000000E−00
Surface 3 h :
K x =
0.000000000E+00
K y =
0.000000000E+00
1/ρ x =
−626.781667
1/ρ y =
−553.072593
c 1-3
1.46571567E−02
−4.19559905E−02
2.47038454E−03
c 4-6
1.30391601E−03
4.05033404E−03
−1.10654287E−04
c 7-9
−1.18192140E−04
−1.08606641E−04
−1.01909142E−04
c 10-12
−9.70012347E−07
5.68458154E−07
3.06807937E−06
c 13-15
−1.85585147E−07
5.49978310E−07
1.31161920E−08
c 16-18
2.50938306E−08
2.12181386E−08
−4.80230112E−08
c 19-21
−4.51844849E−09
−1.37209572E−08
−2.41037488E−10
c 22-24
−9.94991837E−11
−1.48481266E−09
3.35571849E−10
c 25-27
5.06355656E−10
7.62147783E−10
3.68207235E−10.
5. Non-reflective imaging optics, according to claim 1 , wherein an anterior and a posterior system surface of the first refractive optical element, and the posterior system surface of the second refractive optical element comprise a free-form surface, and an anterior system surface of the second refractive optical element comprises an asphere and the overall design of Non-reflective imaging optics is described as follows:
Surface
Radius [mm]
Thickness [mm]
Glass
Comment
SA = BQ
0.000000
112.723657
ZB
0.000000
26.315884
2 v
460.241355
40.000000
N-LAK8
XY polynomial
2 h
−98.378083
2.432516
XY polynomial
3 v
69.369038
18.428907
N-LAK8
Asphere
3 h
−553.072593
45.324601
XY polynomial
P = IA
0.000000
17.000000Y
Ideal lens
f′ = 17 mm
R
0.000000
Position of the surfaces:
Translation of the coordinate systems:
Surface
X [mm]
Y [mm]
Z [mm]
2 v
−0.008249
−0.004878
0.000000
2 h
−3.632256
4.940808
0.000000
3 v
−7.513007
12.906752
0.000000
3 h
−6.767967
10.354774
0.000000
P = IA
−15.095604
20.046330
0.000000
Rotation of the coordinate systems with regard to eye pupil (in air):
Surface
Alpha [degree]
Beta [degree]
Gamma [degree]
2 v
−16.627633
−12.552204
0.000000
2 h
−2.975360
9.652402
0.000000
3 v
−18.533878
9.595629
0.000000
3 h
−17.902422
1.472894
0.000000
P = IA
−12.055657
−10.186383
−1.343352
z
=
ρ
x
x
2
+
ρ
y
y
2
1
+
1
-
(
1
+
κ
x
)
ρ
x
2
x
2
-
(
1
+
κ
y
)
ρ
y
2
y
2
+
c
1
·
x
+
c
2
·
y
+
c
3
·
x
2
+
c
4
·
x
·
y
+
c
5
·
y
2
+
c
6
·
x
3
+
c
7
·
x
2
·
y
+
c
8
·
x
·
y
2
+
c
9
·
y
3
+
c
10
·
x
4
+
c
11
·
x
3
·
y
+
…
Description of the surface shapes of surfaces 2 v , 2 h , 3 h :
Surface 2 v :
K x =
0.000000000E+00
K y =
0.000000000E+00
1/ρ x =
262.029626
1/ρ y =
460.241355
c 1-3
−1.076219235E−02
−1.939046941E−03
1.997905625E−03
c 4-6
1.746907059E−03
2.461118134E−03
−6.571983437E−05
c 7-9
−9.883077652E−06
−5.445029935E−05
−1.632332880E−05
c 10-12
−3.984223970E−07
6.025247976E−07
−3.447675743E−07
c 13-15
6.588778570E−08
−9.912377449E−07
6.020462360E−09
c 16-18
−1.953270172E−10
7.786357428E−09
−1.948376196E−09
c 19-21
7.040827309E−09
−8.579730212E−09
1.890823354E−10
c 22-24
1.545069767E−11
−3.939617920E−11
−1.872836301E−10
c 25-27
−1.433811680E−10
−3.180424756E−10
5.075901345E−11
Surface 2 h :
K x =
0.000000000E+00
K y =
0.000000000E+00
1/ρ x =
−100.942861
1/ρ y =
−98.378083
c 1-3
5.282970718E−03
−2.390734163E−02
9.280180593E−04
c 4-6
7.885552729E−04
−1.715965007E−03
2.046197629E−05
c 7-9
1.927024556E−05
8.531615103E−05
−1.605061381E−05
c 10-12
5.617458102E−07
3.689124959E−07
7.443694101E−07
c 13-15
−5.994160512E−07
2.282951119E−07
−5.812076272E−09
c 16-18
−1.723649589E−09
−8.769239055E−09
−9.773820261E−10
c 19-21
−4.698271820E−09
−1.704652063E−08
1.317751719E−10
c 22-24
2.089880410E−10
3.761425386E−10
1.878879381E−10
c 25-27
−7.245340147E−11
−9.975912395E−11
−9.207989014E−11
Surface 3 h :
K x =
0.000000000E+00
K y =
0.000000000E+00
1/ρ x =
−626.781667
1/ρ y =
−553.072593
c 1-3
2.487303401E−02
−6.337149712E−02
5.842772050E−04
c 4-6
3.650951912E−04
3.800070084E−03
−6.340939346E−05
c 7-9
−4.948991848E−05
−1.560159975E−04
−2.586127402E−05
c 10-12
9.681634924E−07
9.072631039E−07
1.675755763E−06
c 13-15
9.789720502E−07
5.079850594E−07
9.057671419E−09
c 16-18
−5.038663621E−09
−6.726531096E−10
−2.375679687E−08
c 19-21
−3.868956663E−09
−1.420798036 − 08
−4.135849189E−10
c 22-24
−7.758610476E−11
−1.701714743E−09
−1.760333486E−11
c 25-27
−5.742161539E−10
−1.914559861E−11
−3.980153064E−10
Description of the surface shape of surface 3 v :
z
=
ρ
h
2
1
+
1
-
(
1
+
κ
)
ρ
2
h
2
+
∑
k
=
1
c
k
h
2
k
+
2
K =
8.835330521E−02
1/ρ =
69.369038
c1-3
0.000000000E−00
0.000000000E−00
0.000000000E−00.
6. Non-reflective imaging optics, according to claim 1 , wherein an anterior and a posterior system surface of the first refractive optical element, and a posterior system surface of the second refractive optical element comprise free-form surfaces, and an anterior system surface of the second refractive optical element is designed as a sphere, and an overall design of the Non-reflective imaging optics is described as follows:
Surface
Radius [mm]
Thickness [mm]
Glass
Comment
SA = BQ
0.000000
123.394223
ZB
0.000000
36.178305
2 v
460.241355
39.210908
N-LAK8
XY polynomial
2 h
−98.378083
2.041868
XY polynomial
3 v
69.665916
17.941242
N-LAK8
3 h
−553.072593
50.945958
XY polynomial
P = IA
0.000000
17.000000Y
Ideal lens
f′ = 17 mm
R
0.000000
Position of the surfaces:
Translation of the coordinate systems:
Surface
X [mm]
Y [mm]
Z [mm]
2 v
−0.011617
−0.016130
0.000000
2 h
0.974295
3.470584
0.000000
3 v
−3.363366
10.952433
0.000000
3 h
0.658348
5.474388
0.000000
P = IA
−0.182751
9.037957
0.000000
Rotation of the coordinate systems with regard to eye pupil (in air):
Surface
Alpha [degree]
Beta [degree]
Gamma [degree]
z
=
ρ
x
x
2
+
ρ
y
y
2
1
+
1
-
(
1
+
κ
x
)
ρ
x
2
x
2
-
(
1
+
κ
y
)
ρ
y
2
y
2
+
c
1
·
x
+
c
2
·
y
+
c
3
·
x
2
+
c
4
·
x
·
y
+
c
5
·
y
2
+
c
6
·
x
3
+
c
7
·
x
2
·
y
+
c
8
·
x
·
y
2
+
c
9
·
y
3
+
c
10
·
x
4
+
c
11
·
x
3
·
y
+
…
2 v
−11.950087
−1.103246
0.000000
2 h
−7.561127
12.292050
0.000000
3 v
−10.640443
13.236519
0.000000
3 h
−9.340704
1.838853
0.000000
P = IA
−3.992984
−0.936974
0.033760
Description of the surface shapes of surfaces 2 v , 2 h , 3 h :
Surface 2 v :
K x =
0.000000000E+00
K y =
0.000000000E+00
1/ρ x =
262.029626
1/ρ y =
460.241355
c 1-3
−7.816294472E−02
−6.769775549E−04
3.512000519E−03
c 4-6
−1.933397623E−04
3.323904852E−03
−7.073432239E−05
c 7-9
−5.175690025E−05
−4.246655458E−05
−5.977805266E−05
c 10-12
1.661105408E−07
2.387423681E−07
−2.140049981E−07
c 13-15
−2.624390743E−07
−1.155402838E−06
5.256645482E−09
c 16-18
1.507180023E−08
2.590824277E−08
−9.019395714E−09
c 19-21
8.408280778E−09
−9.933576982E−09
1.024137839E−10
c 22-24
8.699296183E−11
3.577829179E−10
−2.664015377E−10
c 25-27
−1.672652883E−10
1.189377902E−10
5.791978628E−11
Surface 2 h :
K x =
0.000000000E+00
K y =
0.000000000E+00
1/ρ x =
−100.942861
1/ρ y =
−98.378083
c 1-3
−9.161670241E−03
−8.788093654E−02
1.408964249E−03
c 4-6
2.635200694E−04
−8.975033724E−04
−7.969861973E−06
c 7-9
1.533812116E−05
6.184418241E−05
−6.612799354E−06
c 10-12
1.204845982E−06
−1.699698381E−07
7.087299744E−07
c 13-15
−4.163252796E−07
1.166367085E−07
−1.912225085E−08
c 16-18
1.977850174E−09
−8.419477563E−09
−1.643242739E−08
c 19-21
−1.525863528E−08
−9.707951413E−09
2.251616020E−10
c 22-24
1.032924328E−10
2.605738887E−10
6.669331923E−11
c 25-27
−7.352489548E−13
9.986952257E−12
1.275821826E−10
Surface 3 h :
K x =
0.000000000E+00
K y =
0.000000000E+00
1/ρ x =
−626.781667
1/ρ y =
−553.072593
c1 -3
9.589635860−04
−2.793454122E−02
2.543402884E−03
c 4-6
5.603206875E−04
5.231844352E−03
−749139943E−05
c 7-9
−1.274965695E−04
−1.490895306E−04
−8.223942953E−05
c 10-12
−7.767776527E−08
8.031767435E−07
2.666657937E−06
c 13-15
1.243910582E−07
4.703770967E−07
2.285599114E−08
c 16-18
2.782537511E−08
1.728369546E−08
−4.077973829E−08
c 19-21
2.806803694E−08
−1.355578289E−08
−3.765213129E−10
c 22-24
−1.470696533E−10
−1.629135913E−09
1.752264004E−10
c 25-27
3.089575802E−10
1.268262112E−09
−3.185215617E−10.
7. Non-reflective imaging optics, according to claim 1 , wherein three refractive optical elements are utilized, each of which is designed approximately wedge-shaped and tilted at a random azimuth angle of at least 5° and/or are positioned off-center in the beam path in order to block out single reflections of the illumination, occurring at the optical system surfaces, for the observation.
8. Non-reflective imaging optics, according to claim 7 , characterized in that at least one of the optical system surfaces of the three refractive optical elements, designed approximately wedge-shaped and tilted in the beam path, is designed as a free-form surface, while the remaining optical system surfaces of the three refractive optical elements, designed approximately wedge-shaped and tilted in the beam path, are aspherical, toric, or spherical in form.