Quenching system
A quencher for a flow cell battery is described. The quencher utilizes a quench solution formed from FeCl 2 in a dilute HCl solution in order to quench chlorine emissions from the flow cell battery. A quench sensor is further described. The quench sensor monitors the concentration level of FeCl 2 in the quench solution and may also monitor the level of the quench solution in the quencher.
1. A quench system, comprising:
a quench solution including FeCl 2 in a dilute HCl solution;
a container holding the quench solution, the container including an input that directs a gaseous emission into the quench solution; and
a quench sensor including:
a double walled tubing having an open-ended inner volume and a sealed outer volume,
a first light source and a corresponding first detector, and
a second light source and a corresponding second detector, wherein:
the quench sensor is positioned in the container such that before any quenching has begun, the first light source and the corresponding first detector are positioned in the sealed outer volume below a quench solution level, and the second light source and the corresponding second detector are positioned in the sealed outer volume and at a predetermined threshold level above the quench solution level, and
Cl 2 gas is removed from the gaseous emission by a reaction with the quench solution.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reaction is given by
2FeCl 2 +Cl 2 →2FeCl 3 .
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein iron filings are provided to the quench solution.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein a restoration reaction given by
Fe+2FeCl 3 →3FeCl 2
restores FeCl 2 in the quench solution.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the quench solution further includes CrCl 3 .
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the quench solution, before any quenching has begun, includes 1.5 M FeCl 2 , 0.2 M CrCl 3 , and 0.1 M HCl.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first light source emits light including an FeCl 2 absorption peak wavelength, and the first light source and the corresponding first detector are positioned such that the FeCl 2 absorption peak detected through the quench solution is measured.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein a signal generated by the measured FeCl 2 absorption peak is compared to a threshold voltage value to determine if an FeCl 2 concentration is lower than a predetermined concentration.
9. The system of claim 5 , wherein the second light source emits light including a CrCl 3 absorption peak wavelength, and the second light source and the corresponding second detector are positioned such that after quenching has begun, the CrCl 3 absorption peak detected through a volume of the quench solution is measured.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the measured CrCl 3 absorption peak provides an indication that the quench solution has risen over the predetermined threshold level.
11. The system of claim 1 , further including a pump to exchange the quench solution with a stored electrolyte solution of a flow cell battery system.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the stored electrolyte solution includes FeCl 2 .
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the quench sensor further includes a stopper provided on one end of the double walled tubing.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second light sources are mounted on a first circuit board, the corresponding first and second detectors are mounted on a second circuit board, and the first and second circuit boards are attached to the double walled tubing by clamps.
15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first light source emits light including an FeCl 3 absorption peak wavelength, and the first light source and the corresponding first detector are positioned such that the FeCl 3 absorption peak detected through the quench solution is measured.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein a signal generated by the measured FeCl 3 absorption peak is compared to a threshold voltage value to determine if an FeCl 3 concentration is higher than a predetermined concentration.