Vacuum-sealing-type flexible-film primary battery
Provided are a vacuum-sealing-type flexible-film primary battery and a method of manufacturing the same. The primary battery includes a battery assembly comprising a positive electrode plate including a positive electrode collector having a first conductive carbon layer disposed directly on a surface-treated inner surface of a first pouch and a positive electrode layer disposed on the first conductive carbon layer of the positive electrode collector, a negative electrode plate including a negative electrode collector having a second conductive carbon layer disposed directly on a surface-treated inner surface of a second pouch and a negative electrode layer disposed on the second conductive carbon layer of the negative electrode collector, and an adhesion/post-injection polymer electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, wherein the battery assembly is completely sealed. The flexible-film primary battery may employ the pouch as a collector film to improve flexibility. Also, the flexible-film primary battery may be completely sealed using the pouch to improve a retention period and cell performance. Furthermore, the flexible-film primary battery may be manufactured using a screen printing technique, thereby facilitating a roll-to-roll sequential process.
1. A flexible-film primary battery including a battery assembly comprising:
a first pouch layer and a second pouch layer;
a positive electrode plate including a positive electrode collector having a first conductive carbon layer disposed directly on a surface-treated inner surface of the first pouch layer, and a positive electrode layer disposed over the first conductive carbon layer;
a negative electrode plate including a negative electrode collector having a second conductive carbon layer disposed directly on a surface-treated inner surface of the second pouch layer, and a negative electrode layer disposed over the second conductive carbon layer; and
an adhesion/post-injection polymer electrolyte layer disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate;
a positive terminal extending from the first pouch layer and coated with the first conductive carbon layer; and
a negative terminal extending from the second pouch layer and coated with the second conductive carbon layer,
wherein the battery assembly is completely sealed.
2. The primary battery of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second pouch layers include a metal/polymer composite layer including an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer, and has both vacuum sealing and thermal fusion characteristics.
3. The primary battery of claim 2 , wherein the outer layers of each of the first and second pouch layers are polymer films with a thickness of about 5 μm to about 50 μm and include any of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), nylon, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), oriented polypropylene (o-PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyimide (PI), polysulfone (PSU), and a combination thereof, wherein the intermediate layers of each of the first and second pouch layers are metal layers with a thickness of about 5 μm to about 50 μm and include any of aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), stainless steel (SUS), and an alloy thereof, and wherein the inner layers of each of the first and second pouch layers are polymer films with a thickness of about 5 μm to about 50 μm and include any of cast polypropylene (c-PP), polyethylene (PE), ethylene vinylacetate (EVA), and a combination thereof.
4. The primary battery of claim 1 , wherein the inner surfaces of each of the first and second pouch layers are treated using a hydrophilic surface treatment.
5. The primary battery of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second conductive carbon layers comprises a conductive carbon including any of graphite and carbon black, and a polymer binder including any of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropvlene (HFP) copolymer, PVC, cellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), PE, PP, EVA, and polyvinyl alcohol.
6. The primary battery of claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode layer comprises:
a positive electrode active material selected from manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) and vanadium oxide;
a conductive material including any of graphite and carbon black; and
a binder including any of PVDF, a vinylidene fluoride-HFP copolymer, PVC, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, EVA, CMC, and a combination of styrene, butadiene rubber and carboxymethylcellulose.
7. The primary battery of claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode layer includes lithium foil.
8. The primary battery of claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode layer comprises:
a negative electrode active material including zinc (Zn);
a conductive material including any of graphite and carbon black; and
a binder including any of PVDF, a vinylidene fluoride-HFP copolymer, PVC, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, EVA, CMC, and a combination of styrene, butadiene rubber and carboxymethylcellulose.
9. The primary battery of claim 1 , wherein the adhesion/post-injection polymer electrolyte layer is a triple composite film including:
a porous polymer matrix; and
polymer layers coated on both sides of the porous polymer matrix and configured to become adhesive when impregnated with an electrolyte.
10. The primary battery of claim 9 , wherein the porous polymer matrix is selected from any of liner paper, a nonwoven, a cellophane film, and a combination thereof.
11. The primary battery of claim 10 , wherein the polymer layer coated on both sides of the porous polymer matrix comprises any of polyacrylic acid, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and a combination thereof.
12. The primary battery of claim 9 , wherein the porous polymer matrix is selected from any of PVC derivatives, polyacrylonitrile derivatives, polyacrylic acid, cellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and a combination of at least two thereof.
13. The primary battery of claim 12 , wherein the polymer layer coated on both sides of the porous polymer matrix comprises any of PVDF, a vinylidene fluoride HFP copolymer, PVC, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), and a combination thereof.
14. The primary battery of claim 9 , wherein the electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte formed by dissolving an ammonium chloride salt, a zinc chloride salt, or a potassium hydroxide salt in distilled water, or an organic electrolyte formed by dissolving a lithium salt in an organic solvent.