Paste for solar cell electrode and solar cell prepared using the same
A paste for solar cell electrodes and a solar cell using the same, the paste including a conductive powder; glass frit; an organic vehicle; and metal oxide particles, the metal oxide particles having a nanometer scale particle size distribution having an average particle diameter (D50) of about 15 nm to about 50 nm and a micron scale particle size distribution having an average particle diameter (D50) of about 0.1 μm to about 2 μm.
1. A paste for solar cell electrodes, the paste comprising:
a conductive powder;
a glass frit;
an organic vehicle; and
metal oxide particles, the metal oxide particles having a nanometer scale particle size distribution having an average particle diameter (D50) of about 15 nm to about 50 nm and a micron scale particle size distribution having an average particle diameter (D50) of about 0.1 μm to about 2 μm; wherein the metal oxide particles having the nanometer scale particle size distribution include zinc oxide, and the metal oxide particles having the micron scale particle size distribution include zinc oxide.
2. The paste as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide particles having a nanometer scale particle size distribution are present in an amount of about 5 to about 50 wt %, with respect to a total weight of the metal oxide particles.
3. The paste as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the conductive powder includes at least one of silver, gold, palladium, platinum, copper, chromium, cobalt, aluminum, tin, lead, zinc, iron, iridium, osmium, rhodium, tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, and indium tin oxide.
4. The paste as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass frit includes a leaded glass frit, a lead-free glass frit, or a mixture thereof.
5. The paste as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the organic vehicle includes at least one of an organic binder and a solvent.
6. The paste as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the paste includes:
about 60 to about 90 wt % of the conductive powder, based on a total weight of the paste,
about 1 to about 10 wt % of the glass frit, based on the total weight of the paste,
about 8 to about 20 wt % of the organic vehicle, based on the total weight of the paste, and about 1 to about 10 wt % of the metal oxide particles, based on the total weight of the paste.
7. The paste as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising an additive, the additive including at least one of a plasticizer, a dispersant, a thixotropic agent, a viscosity stabilizer, an anti-foaming agent, a pigment, a UV stabilizer, an antioxidant, and a coupling agent.
8. An electrode formed from the paste for solar cell electrodes as claimed in claim 1 .
9. A solar cell comprising the electrode as claimed in claim 8 .