Integration of switched capacitor networks for power delivery
Switched capacitor networks for power delivery to packaged integrated circuits. In certain embodiments, the switched capacitor network is employed in place of at least one stage of a cascaded buck converter for power delivery. In accordance with particular embodiments of the present invention, a two-stage power delivery network comprising both switched capacitor stage and a buck regulator stage deliver power to a microprocessor or other packaged integrated circuit (IC). In further embodiments, a switched capacitor stage is implemented with a series switch module comprising low voltage MOS transistors that is then integrated onto a package of at least one IC to be powered. In certain embodiments, a switched capacitor stage is implemented with capacitors formed on a motherboard, embedded into an IC package or integrated into a series switch module.
1. An electronic device comprising:
a microprocessor in a package coupled to a printed circuit board;
a switched capacitor divider (SCD) to convert an input power supply voltage to a first output power supply voltage, the SCD including series switches coupled to a plurality of capacitors, wherein the series switches are implemented as a CMOS FET integrated circuit (IC) chip separate from the microprocessor, but also integrated onto the package; and
a voltage regulator (VR) to convert the first output power supply voltage to a second output power supply voltage, wherein the VR is, external to the IC chip, but also integrated onto the package, and wherein the second output power supply voltage is coupled with the microprocessor to power the microprocessor.
2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of capacitors is integrated within the package.
3. The electronic device of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of capacitors comprises metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors integrated onto a silicon substrate of the IC chip.
4. The electronic device of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of capacitors comprises MIM capacitors embedded into the package.
5. The electronic device of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of capacitors includes at least one of discrete capacitors mounted to the printed circuit board or MIM capacitors embedded into the printed circuit board.
6. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the series switches further comprise:
a plurality of CMOS FETs configured in series with drain terminals coupled with source terminals and connected across the input power supply voltage and to a pinout of the IC chip, wherein alternating ones of the plurality have gate terminals coupled together to form at least a first and second pair of gate coupled FETs, and wherein the first pair of gate coupled FETs are to switch between a low state and a high state within a switching cycle while the second pair of gate coupled FETs are to switch to a state opposite that of the first pair of gate coupled FETs; and
wherein the plurality of capacitors further comprise:
a capacitor coupled to a drain terminal pinout of each of the first pair of gate coupled FETs; and
a capacitor coupled to a drain terminal pinout of each of the second pair of gate coupled FETs.
7. A multi-stage power delivery network to deliver power to a first integrated circuit (IC) chip disposed within a package, the network comprising:
a switched capacitor divider (SCD) stage comprising:
a second IC chip including a plurality of CMOS FETs configured in series with drain terminals coupled with source terminals, the second IC chip having a plurality of pinouts coupled with the plurality of FET drain terminals and connected across an input voltage, wherein the second IC chip is disposed within the package or is mounted to a printed circuit board; and
a plurality of capacitors, external to the second IC chip, connected across the voltage input and coupled with the plurality of drain pinouts, ones of the plurality of capacitors to be switched by the plurality of FETs to reduce the input voltage to a first stage output voltage; and
a buck-type voltage regulator (VR) stage, external to the second IC chip, but disposed within the package, to convert the first stage output voltage to a second stage output voltage coupled to the first IC chip.
8. The multi-stage power delivery network of claim 7 , wherein first IC is a microprocessor, wherein the input voltage is approximately 12V, and wherein the first stage output voltage is between approximately 2.8 V and approximately 3.3 V.
9. The multi-stage power delivery network of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of capacitors comprises MIM capacitors embedded into the package.
10. The multi-stage power delivery network of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of capacitors comprises discrete capacitors mounted to the printed circuit board.
11. The multi-stage power delivery network of claim 7 , wherein alternating ones of the plurality CMOS FETs configured in series have gate terminals coupled together to form at least a first and second pair of gate coupled FETs, and wherein the first pair of gate coupled FETs are to switch between a low state and a high state within a switching cycle while the second pair of gate coupled FETs are to switch to a state opposite that of the first pair; and wherein the plurality of capacitors further comprise:
a capacitor coupled to a drain terminal pinout of each of the first pair of gate coupled FETs; and
a capacitor coupled to a drain terminal pinout of each of the second pair of gate coupled FETs.