Optical arrangement for varying an imaging ratio or of a refractive power
Introduced is an optical arrangement for varying an imaging ratio and/or a refractive power including at least one optical axis, having at least two optical elements, which can be pivoted into and/or pivoted to and/or switched into and/or switched to the optical path, which encompass in each case a refractive power and an optical axis and the optical axes of which can in each case be made to be substantially congruent with the optical axis of the arrangement or are substantially congruent with the optical axis of the arrangement. The optical path between the optical elements, which can be pivoted into and/or pivoted to and/or switched into and/or switched to, undergoes at least one change in direction and/or vergence.
1. An optical arrangement for varying an imaging ratio comprising:
at least one optical path with an optical axis, further comprising at least two optical elements, which can be pivoted into or switched into the optical path,
wherein each of the said optical elements encompasses a refractive power and an optical axis,
wherein each of the optical axes of the optical elements can be made substantially congruent with the optical axis of the arrangement, and
wherein the optical path between the optical elements, which can be pivoted into or switched into the optical path, undergoes at least one change in direction.
2. The optical arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the variation of an imaging ratio takes place in at least one of discrete steps or continuously or virtually continuously.
3. The optical arrangement according to claim 2 , wherein the optical elements, which can be pivoted into or switched into the optical path, are pivoted into or switched into, respectively, in pairs.
4. The optical arrangement according to claim 3 , wherein the optical elements, which can be pivoted into or switched into the optical path in pairs, in each case encompass a defined imaging ratio in pairs.
5. The optical arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein the arrangement includes at least one part for varying an imaging ratio in discrete steps and another part for continuously varying an imaging ratio.
6. The optical arrangement according to claim 5 , wherein the arrangement includes at least one optical elements having a variable refractive power.
7. The optical arrangement according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one optical element having a variable refractive power is a lens having a variable refractive power or a mirror having a variable refractive power.
8. The optical arrangement according to claim 6 , wherein the optical elements having a variable refractive power can be controlled such that an intermediate imaging ratio values are supplied continuously to the discrete values of the arrangement.
9. The optical arrangement according to claim 6 , wherein the optical elements having a variable refractive power themselves form an optical arrangement for continuously varying an imaging ratio comprising an imaging ratio dynamic M, wherein:
M=>M ij for all M ij =>1 and M=>1/M ij for all M ij =<1, wherein V i =M iJ *V j and V i , V j are proximate discrete imaging ratios of the arrangement.
10. The optical arrangement according to claim 6 , wherein the optical elements having a variable refractive power themselves form an optical arrangement for continuously varying an imaging ratio comprising an imaging ratio dynamic M in the range 1.1 to 2.5.
11. The arrangement according to claim 7 , wherein at least one of the lenses having a variable refractive power is used in the context of an anti jitter device and/or an autofocus device.
12. The optical arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein the optical axes of the optical elements, which can be pivoted into the optical path, run substantially parallel to the axis of a rotatable part of rotation of the arrangement.
13. The optical arrangement according to claim 12 , wherein the optical arrangement includes at least two rotary devices, which are at least partly independent of one another, comprising optical elements, which can be pivoted into the optical path.
14. The optical arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein the optical axes of the optical elements, which can be pivoted into the optical path, run substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of a rotatable part of the arrangement.
15. An optical instrument comprising the optical arrangement according to claim 1 , further comprising an arrangement for continuously varying an imaging ratio.
16. The optical instrument according to claim 15 , wherein the arrangement for continuously varying an imaging ratio has an imaging ratio dynamic M, wherein:
M>=M ij for all M ij >=1 and M>=1/M ij for all M ij <=1,
wherein V i =M ij *V j and V i , V j are proximate discrete imaging ratios of the other arrangement for varying an imaging ratio in discrete steps alone.
17. The optical instrument according to claim 15 , wherein the arrangement for continuously varying an imaging ratio encompasses an imaging ratio dynamic M in the range 1.1 to 2.5.
18. The optical instrument according to claim 15 , wherein the time for the change between the proximate discrete positions of the imaging ratios V i and V j of the optical arrangement for varying an imaging ratio in discrete steps and the time for completely detuning the arrangement for continuously varying an imaging ratio by substantially M′=M ij differ by less than a factor 10.
19. The optical instrument according to claim 15 , wherein the time for the change between two non-proximate discrete positions the imaging ratios V j and V k of the optical arrangement for varying an imaging ratio and/or a refractive power in discrete steps is shorter than two-times the time for the change between two proximate discrete positions of the imaging ratios V i and V j .
20. The optical instrument according to claim 15 , wherein the optical radiation is coupled into this arrangement and/or out of this arrangement via at least one deflecting device.
21. The optical instrument including an arrangement according to claim 15 , wherein the optical instrument generates, displays, superimposes or stores a digitally enlarged or reduced image or image sequence of the object, which is imaged by the arrangement, and/or stores parameters for such an image or image sequence or can generate, display, superimpose and store them, respectively.
22. The optical instrument according to claim 21 , wherein the optical instrument displays, superimposes or stores a digitally enlarged or reduced image sequence of the object, which is imaged by the arrangement, and/or stores parameters for such an image sequence, wherein the image sequence includes images comprising different stages of the digital enlargement or reduction.
23. The optical instrument according to claim 22 , wherein the optical instrument continuously varies the digital enlargement or reducing chronologically.
24. An optical arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the distance of the adjacent optical elements, which can be pivoted into or switched into the optical path is less than 2-times the diameter or the longest diagonal of the respective optical element.