Method of making shear thinning gels
The present invention relates generally to gels that flow through an orifice. Specifically the invention relates to gels that are dispensed through a trigger spray nozzle or aerosol spray valve. Still more specifically, the invention relates to nonaquious gels containing polymers whose instantaneous viscosity reversibly decreases when the gel experiences shear loads. The invention includes spray gel compositions, methods of making spray gels and methods of dispensing gels whose viscosity exhibits an instantaneous temporary decrease in viscosity when the gel is subjected to shear force as happens when it flows through an orifice, such as a spray nozzle or aerosol valve.
1. A method for increasing the at rest viscosity of a petroleum distillate product having a hydrocarbon base, said method comprising:
combining an antioxidant to the hydrocarbon base to produce a mixture;
heating the mixture to a temperature ranging from about 50° C. to about 60° C.;
combining a sufficient amount of a shear-thinning pseudoplastic thickener to the mixture to make the product pseudoplastic, wherein the pseudoplastic thickener consists of a diblock copolymer
increasing the temperature of the mixture to a temperature ranging from about 100° C. to about 105° C.;
maintaining the temperature until the mixture forms a gel;
optionally, increasing the temperature to about 140° C.;
optionally, adding an amino acid gelling agent; and
mixing the gel until the gel is free of one or more lumps and has a viscosity ranging from about 50 SUS at 100° F. to about 400 SUS at 100° F.
2. The method of claim 1 , said method further comprising the step of:
producing the pseudoplastic petroleum distillate product having a final composition of 100 total weight percent wherein the diblock copolymer is from about 0.5 weight percent to about 30 weight percent and the hydrocarbon base is from about 70 weight percent to about 99 weight percent.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the diblock copolymer comprises about 0.5 percent to about 15 percent by weight of the petroleum distillate product.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the petroleum distillate product initially has a viscosity of less than about 150 SUS at 100° F.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the pseudoplastic product is from about 0.5 weight percent to about 12 weight percent of the diblock copolymer.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the pseudoplastic product is from about 0.5 weight percent to about 2 weight percent of the diblock copolymer.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the hydrocarbon base is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, mineral spirits, naphthalene, long carbon chain esters, vegetable oils, and mixtures thereof.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the hydrocarbon base is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, long carbon chain esters, and mixtures thereof.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the long chain esters are C 6 to about C 40 .
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antioxidant is BHT.
11. A method for increasing the at rest viscosity of a petroleum distillate product having a hydrocarbon base, said method comprising:
adding to said hydrocarbon base an effective amount of a shear-thinning pseudoplastic thickener to make the product pseudoplastic, wherein the pseudoplastic thickener consists of a diblock copolymer;
heating the pseudoplastic product to a temperature ranging from about 50° C. to about 60° C.:
increasing the temperature of the pseudoplastic product to a temperature ranging from about 100° C. to about 105° C.;
maintaining the temperature until the pseudoplastic product forms a gel;
optionally, increasing the temperature to about 140° C.;
optionally, adding an amino acid gelling agent; and
mixing the gel until the gel is free of one or more lumps and has a viscosity ranging from about 50 SUS at 100° F. to about 400 SUS at 100° F.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the petroleum distillate product initially has a viscosity of less than about 150 SUS at 100° F.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the hydrocarbon base is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, mineral spirits, naphthalene, long carbon chain esters, vegetable oils, and mixtures thereof.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the hydrocarbon base is gasoline.
15. The method of claim 11 , said method further comprising the step of:
producing the pseudoplastic petroleum distillate product having a final composition of 100 total weight percent wherein the diblock copolymer from about 0.5 weight percent to about 30 weight percent and the hydrocarbon base is from about 70 weight percent to about 99 weight percent.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the pseudoplastic product is from about 0.5 weight percent to about 15 weight percent of the diblock copolymer.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the pseudoplastic product is from about 0.5 weight percent to about 12 weight percent of the diblock copolymer.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the pseudoplastic product is from about 0.5 weight percent to about 2 weight percent of the diblock copolymer.