Selective reduction and derivatization of engineered proteins comprising at least one non-native cysteine
The present invention relates to method for selective reduction and derivatization of recombinantly prepared engineered proteins comprising at least one non-native cysteine, wherein the reduction reaction is conducted in the presence of a redox buffer or in the presence of a triarylphosphine reducing agent.
1. A method for selective reduction of an engineered protein in its active conformation comprising at least one non-native cysteine, said protein comprising one or more cysteine moieties conjugated through a disulfide bridge to a low-molecular weight thiol (RS-Cys), said moiety/moieties not being involved in intramolecular S—S bridges (Cys-S—S-Cys) when the protein is in its active form, the method comprising the step of allowing the low-molecular weight thiol-conjugated protein to react with a mixture comprising a redox buffer under non-denaturing conditions, wherein the redox buffer is a redox pair of reduced and oxidized glutathione, the concentration of the reduced glutathione is in the range of 0.01-50 mM, and the concentration of the oxidized glutathione is in the range of 0.001-2 mM, and wherein the engineered protein is a Factor VII polypeptide.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture further comprises a glutaredoxin thiol/disulfide redox catalyst selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli Grx1, Escherichia coli Grx2, or Escherichia coli Grx3, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Grx1p, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Grx2p, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Grx3p, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Grx4p, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Grx5p, Homo sapiens Grx1 and Homo sapiens Grx2.
3. The method according to any claim 2 , wherein the redox catalyst is used in a concentration of 0.001-20μM.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture does not comprise a protein disulfide isomerase (PDI).
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture further comprises an inhibitor of the protein.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said engineered protein has one or more intramolecular S—S bridges (Cys-S—S-Cys).
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said engineered protein has one or more intermolecular S—S bridges (Cys-S—S-Cys) with another engineered protein.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said engineered protein is a protein with labile disulfide bonds.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method comprises the simultaneous and/or subsequent step of conjugating at least one of the selectively reduced cysteine (HS-Cys) moieties with a chemical group.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the chemical group is a polyethylene glycol (PEG).
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the chemical group is a polyethyleneglycol having an average molecular weight of in the range of 500-100,000.
12. A method for selective reduction of a Factor VII polypeptide in its active conformation, said Factor VII polypeptide comprising one or more one or more cysteine moieties conjugated through a disulfide bridge to a low-molecular weight thiol (RS-Cys), said moiety/moieties not being involved in intramolecular S—S bridges (Cys-S—S-Cys) when the FVII polypeptide is in its active form, the method comprising the step of allowing the low-molecular weight thiol-conjugated Factor VII polypeptide to react with a mixture comprising reduced and oxidized glutathione and a glutaredoxin, and the simultaneous and/or subsequent step of conjugating at least one of the selectively reduced cysteine (HS-Cys) moieties with a chemical group, each step under non-denaturing conditions.