Finfish containment pens and polyhedral structures

1. A three dimensional space enclosing polyhedral structure, comprising:

a plurality of panels that when joined together form the polyhedral structure, the panels each including a plurality of convexly curved struts joined together to define a polygonal shape, the polygonal shape of each of the plurality of panels being configured so that a strut of one panel abuts an adjacent strut of an adjoining panel,

the convexly curved struts configured to serve as arches to carry compression loads, and

a two dimensionally stable sheet material attached along its perimeter to the convexly curved struts along the length of the struts of each panel of the plurality of panels, the two dimensionally stable sheet material configured to provide tensile loading and serve as lateral and vertical bracing for the arches.

2. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the panels are cast or molded and are substantially one piece.

3. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the structure is configured to be a finfish containment pen.

4. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the panels are triangular, and comprised principally of three struts joined at three corners.

5. The structure of claim 1 , wherein at least some of the panels comprise pentagons or hexagons.

6. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the structure is hemispherical and configured as a finfish containment pen with the hemispherical shape generally submerged, and the open side facing upwardly.

7. The containment pen of claim 3 , wherein the two dimensionally stable sheet material includes a tension-bearing mesh material.

8. The containment pen of claim 7 , wherein the tension-bearing mesh material includes wire mesh.

9. The containment pen of claim 8 , wherein the tension-bearing mesh material includes coated wire mesh.

10. The containment pen of claim 7 , wherein the convexly curved struts are configured so that when loaded in compression the convexly curved struts tend to buckle outwardly from the interior of the pen, and wherein the tension-bearing mesh material is attached to the struts in such a manner as to resist such outward buckling.

11. The structure of claim 1 , wherein curvature of the convexly curved struts approximately matches the curvature of the polyhedral structure.

12. The structure of claim 11 , wherein the polyhedral structure is approximately spherical.

13. The structure of claim 3 , wherein the panels are approximately triangular with approximately triangular pieces of sheet material extending across each panel, some portions of the triangular pieces of sheet material being approximately flat and some portions being developed to include a curved surface such that curvature of the curved surface of the sheet material approximately matches the curvature of the polyhedral structure.

14. The structure of claim 1 , wherein deformation of the struts is limited by the tensile loads applied to the struts by the sheet material.

15. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the convexly curved struts and the sheet material are configured so that the sheet material is attached to the convexly curved struts before the panels are placed in position in the polyhedral structure.

16. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the polyhedral structure is a at least one of a spheroid and a geodesic sphere.

17. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the polyhedral structure is a 2-frequency icosahedron.

18. The structure of claim 1 , wherein at least one panel of the plurality of panels is a removable panel configured to be removable from the containment pen with the two dimensionally stable sheet material remaining attached to at least one of the convexly curved struts.

19. An apparatus comprising:

a plurality of panels, each panel from the plurality of panels including at least three convexly curved struts joined to define a polygonal shape, the polygonal shape of each of the panels configured so that a convexly curved strut of one panel extends generally parallel to a convexly curved strut of an adjoining panel; and

a two dimensionally stable sheet material attached along its perimeter to the at least three convexly curved struts of each of the plurality of panels,

the plurality of panels configured to be coupleable to each other to form a containment pen for finfish aquaculture such that when loaded in compression during use of the containment pen, the convexly curved struts form structural arches and the two dimensionally stable sheet material is configured to provide tensile loading on the structural arches during use of the containment pen.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein each of the convexly curved struts is configured to carry a compression load and the two dimensionally stable sheet material is configured to carry a tension load such that the containment pen is in a balance of compression and tension.

21. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the plurality of panels are approximately triangular with approximately triangular pieces of sheet material extending across each panel, at least some portions of the triangular pieces of sheet material being approximately flat and at least some portions being developed to include a curved surface such that curvature of the curved surface approximately matches the curvature of the containment pen.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the curvature of the convexly curved struts is approximately equal to the curvature of the containment pen.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 , wherein the containment pen is at least one of a geodesic spheroid or a geodesic sphere.

24. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein at least one panel of the plurality of panels is a removable panel configured to be removable from the apparatus with the two dimensionally stable sheet material remaining attached to at least one of the convexly curved struts.