Use of drug combinations for treating insulin resistance
The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising: (a) a modulator of hepatic parasympathetic tone, (b) at least one diabetes drug, and (c) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present invention includes methods for the treatment and/or prevention of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose intolerance, and other associated disorders with pharmaceutical compositions described herein. The invention also provides for a kit comprising a pharmaceutical composition and instructions for its use.
1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) bethanechol, (b) N-acetylcysteine, and (c) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, where the composition does not comprise a growth factor.
2. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the bethanechol is nitrosylated.
3. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is a pharmaceutical salt thereof.
4. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable liver targeting substance, wherein the liver targeting substance is selected from the group consisting of: albumin, a liposome, and a bile salt.
5. A method of treating or inhibiting type II diabetes, insulin resistance, or impaired glucose intolerance, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 .
6. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising insulin or an insulin analogue.
7. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 6 , wherein the insulin analogue is lente insulin, semilente insulin, ultralente insulin, NPH or insulin lispro.
8. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising an antioxidant.
9. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 8 , wherein the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of: vitamin E, vitamin C, an isoflavone, zinc, selenium, ebselen, and a carotenoid.
10. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a glucagon like peptide (GLP) or glucagon like peptide analogue.
11. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10 , wherein the glucagon like peptide analogue is selected from the group consisting of exanitide, DAC:GLP-1(CJC-1131), Liraglutide, ZP10, BIM51077, LY315902, and LY307161 (SR).
12. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising alipoic acid.
13. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising metformin.
14. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a sulphonylurea.
15. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 14 , wherein the sulphonylurea is selected is from the group consisting of: tolazamide, tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, acetohexamide, glyburide, glipizide, and glimepiride.
16. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising carvedilol or labetolol.
17. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising prazosin, doxazocin, phenoxybenzamine, terazosin, phentolamine, rauwolscine, yohimine, tolazoline, tamsulosin, carvedilol, or terazosin.
18. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising acebutolol, atenolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, carteolol, esmolol, metoprolol, nadolol, penbutolol, pindolol, propanolol, timolol, dobutamine hydrochloride, alprenolol, bunolol, bupranolol, carazolol, epanolol, moloprolol, oxprenolol, pamatolol, talinolol, tiprenolol, tolamolol, and toliprolol.