Rankine cycle condenser pressure control using an energy conversion device bypass valve
The disclosure provides a waste heat recovery system and method in which pressure in a Rankine cycle (RC) system of the WHR system is regulated by diverting working fluid from entering an inlet of an energy conversion device of the RC system. In the system, an inlet of a controllable bypass valve is fluidly coupled to a working fluid path upstream of an energy conversion device of the RC system, and an outlet of the bypass valve is fluidly coupled to the working fluid path upstream of the condenser of the RC system such that working fluid passing through the bypass valve bypasses the energy conversion device and increases the pressure in a condenser. A controller determines the temperature and pressure of the working fluid and controls the bypass valve to regulate pressure in the condenser.
1. A method of regulating pressure of a working fluid in a Rankine cycle (RC) system including a working fluid path through a heat exchanger thermally coupled to a heat source of an internal combustion engine, through an energy conversion device in the working fluid path downstream of the heat exchanger, through a condenser in the working fluid path downstream of the energy conversion device, and through a pump in the working fluid path between the condenser and the heat exchanger, the method comprising:
sensing the temperature and pressure of the working fluid in the working fluid path between the condenser and the pump,
if the sensed pressure of the working fluid is less than a saturation pressure of the working fluid at the sensed temperature, increasing the pressure of the working fluid in the condenser by diverting at least some of the working fluid in the working fluid path upstream of an inlet of the energy conversion device to an inlet of the condenser to bypass the energy conversion device.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the RC system further includes a recuperator having an inlet fluidly coupled to the outlet of the energy conversion device and an outlet fluidly coupled to an inlet of the condenser, and said diverted working fluid bypasses said recuperator.
3. A system for recovering waste heat from an internal combustion engine using a Rankine cycle (RC) system, comprising:
a heat exchanger thermally coupled to a heat source associated with the internal combustion engine and configured to transfer heat from the heat source to working fluid of the RC system;
an energy conversion device fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger and configured to receive the working fluid having the transferred heat and convert the energy of the transferred heat;
a condenser fluidly coupled to the energy conversion device and configured to receive the working fluid from which the energy was converted;
a pump positioned in a flow path of the working fluid between the condenser and the heat exchanger, said pump configured to move the working fluid through the RC system;
a bypass valve having an inlet fluidly connected between an outlet of the heat exchanger and an inlet of the energy conversion device, and an outlet fluidly connected to an inlet of the condenser;
at least one sensor in the flow path of the working fluid between the condenser and the pump and configured to sense pressure and temperature characteristics of the working fluid and to generate a signal indicative of the temperature and pressure of the working fluid; and
an electronic controller unit (ECU) configured to regulate the condenser pressure in the RC system via controlling the bypass valve based on the generated signal including, if the sensed pressure of the working fluid is less than a saturation pressure of the working fluid at the sensed temperature, controlling the bypass valve to increase the pressure of the working fluid in the condenser by diverting at least some of the working fluid in the working fluid path upstream of an inlet of the energy conversion device to an inlet of the condenser to bypass the energy conversion device.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the ECU is configured to determine whether the pressure of the working fluid in the flow path is greater than a saturation pressure of the working fluid for the sensed temperature.
5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the RC system includes a recuperator having an inlet fluidly coupled to the outlet of the energy conversion device and an outlet fluidly coupled to said outlet of said bypass valve.
6. The waste heat recovery system of claim 3 , wherein said energy conversions device is a turbine, and said RC system further comprises a recuperator having a first path fluidly connected between an outlet of the pump and an inlet of the heat exchanger, and a second path fluidly coupled between an outlet of the energy conversion device and the inlet of the condenser, wherein the outlet of the bypass valve is connected between the inlet of the condenser and an outlet of the second path of the recuperator.