Apparatus and method for programming a pacemaker
A pacemaker optimising apparatus comprising: a component ( 4 ) which noninvasively or invasively monitors a haemodynamic measurement continuously in an individual and a processor ( 15 ) for receiving the haemodynamic measure and generating a pacemaker programming signal in response to this. There is also provided a communication device ( 17 ) for sending the pacemaker programming signal to the control system of the pacemaker ( 2 ). There is also a method for an efficient process by which this apparatus can automatically use the haemodynamic measurements to determine the ideal settings for a particular pacemaker in a particular individual, and to updates the pacemaker's settings accordingly.
1. A pacemaker programming apparatus for use with a pacemaker, the pacemaker programming apparatus comprising:
a monitoring device capable of determining a haemodynamic measure of an individual at each heart beat of the individual and generating a haemodynamic measure indication signal related to the haemodynamic measure; and
a processor that is configured for:
adjusting the pacemaker to alternate a setting of a first attribute of the pacemaker between a reference setting and a test setting, and
receiving the haemodynamic measure indication signal, and
generating a pacemaker programming signal, for transmitting to the pacemaker, in response to the haemodynamic measure indication signal determined in the individual at the reference setting and at the test setting;
wherein the processor is also configured for instructing the pacemaker to raise the heart rate of the individual when the first attribute is at the reference setting, and when the first attribute is at the test setting.
2. The pacemaker programming apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the monitoring device is configured for:
determining the haemodynamic measure of an individual at each heart beat of the individual, and
generating the haemodynamic measure indication signal related to the haemodynamic measure.
3. The pacemaker programming apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the monitoring device comprises one of (i) a pulse oximeter and (ii) a bio-impedance monitor.
4. The pacemaker programming apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to generate the pacemaker programming signal by determining a change in the haemodynamic measure, due to an adjustment of the setting of the first attribute of the pacemaker.
5. The pacemaker programming apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a communication device for transmitting the pacemaker programming signal to the pacemaker.
6. The pacemaker programming apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the monitoring device is a non-invasive monitoring device.
7. The pacemaker programming apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the monitoring device comprises:
a contractible cuff for receiving a body extremity of an individual;
a light source directable upon a body extremity received in the contractible cuff; and
a light sensor for detecting light from the light source, the light sensor being located such that a body extremity received in the contractible cuff interposes between the light source and the light sensor, the light sensor being capable of generating the haemodynamic measure indication signal in response to the intensity of light detected from the light source.
8. The pacemaker programming apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising an artefact sensor for detecting at least one of (a) the phase of respiration and (b) a body movement of the individual, the artefact sensor being in communication with the processor.
9. The pacemaker programming apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the artefact sensor comprises a strain gauge.