Method and system for direct electric heating of a pipeline
Method and system for direct electric heating of a pipeline to contribute to removal or hindrance of plugs of ice and optionally hydrates, distinguished in that heating takes place to a temperature above the ice melting point, but below the hydrate melting point.
1. A method for removing plugs of at least ice in a subsea pipeline, which is electrically conductive, exhibits ohmic resistance, and is a conduit for a fluid, the method comprising:
directly heating the pipeline electrically to a temperature above the melting point of ice, but below the melting point of a hydrate;
applying an electrical voltage over the pipeline between two electrical contacts, thereby causing an electric current to pass through the pipeline to resume or maintain flow of fluid through the pipeline; and
subsequently applying a second plug-counteracting procedure to remove any ice or hydrate plug from within the pipeline.
2. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising applying the electrical voltage over the pipeline between the electrical contacts until a zone of ice having a thickness of at least 5 mm closest to an inner wall of the pipeline melts, such that flow of the fluid through the pipeline is resumed or maintained.
3. A method as in claim 1 , in which the second plug-counteracting procedure is chemical injection.
4. A method as in claim 1 , in which the second plug-counteracting procedure is depressurization.
5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical voltage applied over the pipeline between the electrical contacts is sufficient to melt only part of the ice plug closest to an inner wall of the pipeline, the part of the ice plug forming a zone having a thickness of at least 5 mm closest to the inner wall of the pipeline to allow the flow of the fluid through the pipeline to be resumed or maintained.