Touch-sensitive device
A user/machine interface comprising a panel having a surface, the panel being capable of supporting bending waves, a touch-sensitive input device associated with the surface, and means including a force transducer for providing force feedback to the input device. The force is in the form of pulses to the panel, the pulses being in the form of a modulated signal shaped as a damped sinusoid whereby a button click sensation is provided to the user's finger tip. The modulated signal may be produced by a narrow-band sine wave having a carrier frequency in the range 150 to 750 Hz and being of a duration of at least 10 ms.
1. A user/machine interface comprising a panel having a surface, the panel being capable of supporting bending waves, a touch-sensitive input device associated with the surface having a touch location, a force transducer for providing force feedback to the input device, the force being in the form of pulses to the panel, the pulses being in the form of a modulated signal whereby a button click sensation is provided to the user's finger tip, where the modulated signal has a dominant carrier frequency in the range 150 to 750 Hz and being of a duration of at least 10 ms, and a digital signal processor to shape the modulated signal to enhance the panel displacement at the touch location.
2. A user/machine interface according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier frequency is at or close to 400 Hz.
3. A user/machine interface according to claim 1 or claim 2 , wherein the pulse duration is no more than 40 ms.
4. A user/machine interface according to claim 1 , wherein the modulated signal is amplitude modulated.
5. A user/machine interface according to claim 4 , wherein the amplitude modulated signal is in the form of a damped sinusoid.
6. A machine/user interface according to claim 1 , wherein the modulated signal is frequency modulated.
7. A machine/user interface according to claim 6 , where the frequency modulation of the carrier has a predetermined function defining modulation depth and content with time.
8. A machine/user interface according to claim 1 , wherein the modulated signal fundamental comprises a narrow-band sine wave.
9. Apparatus comprising a user/machine interface as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the panel is the acoustic radiator of a bending wave panel loudspeaker, and wherein the transducer is a broad-band device that generates both acoustic output and force feedback.
10. Apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the transducer comprises a distributed mode actuator and wherein the first mode of the distributed mode actuator is tuned to the modulated signal.
11. Apparatus according to claim 9 or claim 10 , wherein the modulated signal is tuned to the whole body mode of the panel.
12. Apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the panel is small and has an aspect ratio of substantially 3:2.
13. Apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the panel stiffness and the output impedance of the actuator are arranged to deliver a force to the user's finger tip of more than 30 mN.
14. Apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein the force delivered to the finger tip is arranged to be in the range 30 to 500 mN.
15. Apparatus according to claim 9 , comprising at least two distributed mode actuators attached to the panel and arranged to enhance the panel displacement at the touch location.
16. Apparatus according to claim 9 , comprising a visual display device associated with the bending wave panel.
17. Apparatus according to claim 16 , wherein at least a part of the panel is transparent and the visual display device is mounted behind the transparent part of the panel.
18. Apparatus according to claim 17 , wherein the panel comprises an integral visual display device.
19. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the panel functions as a microphone.