Methods and systems for optimizing the performance of rankine power system cycles
A optimized organic thermodynamic cycle system and method include temperature sensors measuring an initial temperature of a coolant medium and a final temperature of a heat source stream to computer control valves to continuously adjust a pressure and a flow rate of a working fluid stream to be vaporized so that a heat utilization of the system is about 99% increasing output by approximately 3% to 6% on a sustained and permanent yearly basis.
1. A system for implement a thermodynamic cycle comprising:
a condenser subsystem comprising at least one first heat exchange unit that condenses a spent working fluid stream to form a condensed working fluid stream,
a working fluid pressure and flow control subsystem comprising at least a feed pump, a control valve, a bypass valve, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a processing unit, a dividing valve, mixing valve and a processing unit that produces a flow rate and pressure adjusted vaporization subsystem input stream from the condensed working fluid stream,
a vaporization or boiling subsystem comprising at least one heat exchange unit that vaporizes the flow rate and pressure adjusted vaporization subsystem input stream to form a vaporized energy conversion subsystem input stream, and
an energy conversion subsystem comprising at least one turbine that extracts a portion of thermal energy from the vaporized energy conversion subsystem input stream to form the spent working fluid stream,
where the control valve and the bypass valve are flow control valves and are controlled by the processing unit controlled in such a way as to optimize the pressure and flow rate of the flow rate and pressure adjusted vaporization subsystem input stream optimizing a power output of the system based on an initial coolant temperature and a final heat source temperature and where the system increases a heat utilization to about 99% of the total available heat potential, increasing output by approximately 3% to 6% on a sustained and permanent yearly basis.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the mixing valve combines the condensed working fluid stream and a pressure adjusted recirculation stream exiting the bypass valve to form a feed pump input stream,
the feed pump pumps the feed pump input stream to a higher pressure to form a pressurized stream,
the dividing valve divides the pressurized stream into a control valve input stream and a recirculation stream,
the control valve adjusts a pressure and a flow rate of the control valve input stream to form the flow rate and pressure adjusted vaporization subsystem input stream, and
the bypass valve adjusts a pressure and a flow rate of the recirculation stream to form the pressure adjusted recirculation stream.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein
the mixing valve combines the condensed working fluid stream and a pressure adjusted recirculation stream exiting the bypass valve to form a feed pump input stream,
the feed pump pumps the feed pump input stream to a higher pressure to form a pressurized control valve input stream,
the control valve adjusts a pressure and a flow rate of the pressurized control valve input stream to form a pressure adjusted stream,
the dividing valve divides the pressurized adjusted stream into the flow rate and pressure adjusted vaporization subsystem input stream and a recirculation stream, and
the bypass valve adjusts a pressure and a flow rate of the recirculation stream to form the pressure adjusted recirculation stream.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the working fluid is a single-component fluid.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the working fluid comprises a multi-component fluid.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the multi-component fluid comprises at least one lower boiling point component and at least one higher boiling point component.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the multi-component fluid comprises an ammonia-water mixture, a mixture of two or more hydrocarbons, a mixture of two or more freon, a mixture of hydrocarbons and freons, or mixtures thereof.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the multi-component fluid comprises a mixture of water and ammonia.
9. A method for implement a thermodynamic cycle comprising the steps of:
condensing a spent working fluid stream in a condenser subsystem comprising at least one first heat exchange unit to form a condensed working fluid stream,
producing a vaporization subsystem input stream in a working fluid pressure and flow control subsystem comprising at least a feed pump, a control valve, a bypass valve, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a processing unit, a dividing valve, mixing valve and a processing unit from the condensed working fluid stream,
vaporizing the vaporization subsystem input stream in a vaporization or boiling subsystem comprising at least one heat exchange unit to form a vaporized energy conversion subsystem input stream, and
converting a portion of the thermal energy in the vaporized energy conversion subsystem input stream in an energy conversion subsystem comprising at least one turbine to form the spent working fluid stream,
where the control valve and the bypass valve are flow control valves and are controlled by the processing unit controlled in such a way as to optimize the pressure and flow rate of the flow rate and pressure adjusted vaporization subsystem input stream optimizing a power output of the system based on an initial coolant temperature and a final heat source temperature and where the system increases a heat utilization to about 99% of the total available heat potential, increasing output by approximately 3% to 6% on a sustained and permanent yearly basis.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein:
combining the condensed working fluid stream and a pressure adjusted recirculation stream exiting the bypass valve in the mixing valve to form a feed pump input stream,
pumping the feed pump input stream to a higher pressure in the feed pump to form a pressurized stream,
dividing the pressurized stream into a control valve input stream and a recirculation stream in the dividing valve,
adjusting a pressure and a flow rate of the control valve input stream in the control valve to form the vaporization subsystem input stream, and
adjusting a pressure and a flow rate of the recirculation stream in the bypass valve to form the pressure adjusted recirculation stream.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein:
mixing the condensed working fluid stream and a pressure adjusted recirculation stream exiting the bypass valve in the mixing valve to form a feed pump input stream,
pumping the feed pump input stream to a higher pressure in the feed pump to form a pressurized control valve input stream,
adjusting a pressure and a flow rate of the pressurized control valve input stream in the control valve to form a pressure adjusted stream,
dividing the pressure adjusted stream in the dividing valve into the vaporization subsystem input stream and a recirculation stream, and
adjusting a pressure and a flow rate of the recirculation stream in the bypass valve to form the pressure adjusted recirculation stream.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the working fluid is a single-component fluid.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the working fluid comprises a multi-component fluid.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the multi-component fluid comprises at least one lower boiling point component and at least one higher boiling point component.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the multi-component fluid comprises an ammonia-water mixture, a mixture of two or more hydrocarbons, a mixture of two or more freon, a mixture of hydrocarbons and freons, or mixtures thereof.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the multi-component fluid comprises a mixture of water and ammonia.