Cocoa extracts for use in providing skin benefits

1. Method for improving skin health in a subject in need thereof, comprising orally administering an effective amount of a cocoa extract, to the subject in need thereof, wherein the cocoa extract is obtained by the extraction of non-defatted cocoa beans which have not been fermented or have been allowed to ferment for no more than three days, having a polyphenol content of more than 25% by weight, wherein the extract comprises from 0.1 to 10% by weight of cocoa fats.

2. Method for improving skin health in a subject, comprising orally administering an effective amount of a cocoa extract, to the subject in need thereof, wherein the cocoa extract is obtained by the extraction of non-defatted cocoa beans which have not been fermented or have been allowed to ferment for no more than three days, having a polyphenol content of more than 25% by weight, wherein the improvement in skin health comprises one or more of: increased firmness, increased elasticity, increased tonicity, reduced fine lines, increased hydration, decreased skin roughness, decreased scaling, improved skin structure (including skin barrier), or depigmenting (or lightening) age spots and the extract is in the form of a tablet, pill, capsule, caplet, multiparticulate, powder, elixir, syrup, suspension, or solution.

3. Method for improving skin health in a subject, comprising orally administering an effective amount of a cocoa extract, to the subject in need thereof, wherein the cocoa extract is obtained by the extraction of non-defatted cocoa beans which have not been fermented or have been allowed to ferment for no more than three days, having a polyphenol content of more than 25% by weight, wherein the improvement in skin health comprises one or more of: increased firmness, increased elasticity, increased tonicity, reduced wrinkles (including wrinkle width and/or volume), reduced fine lines, increased hydration, decreased skin roughness, decreased scaling, improved skin structure (including skin barrier), or depigmenting (or lightening) age spots and the extract is in the form of a foodstuff or confectionery product.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract has a polyphenol content of at least 30% by weight.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract has a polyphenol content of from 30 to 70% by weight.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract has a theobromine content of at least 5% by weight.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract has a theobromine content of less than 5% by weight.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract is obtained by solvent extraction of the cocoa beans.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the solvent is selected from C1 to C6 alcohols or ketones, and mixtures thereof, optionally in admixture with water.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the solvent is selected from ethanol, acetone, 2-butanol, 2-propanol and mixtures thereof, optionally in admixture with water.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract comprises less than 2% by weight phenylethylamine.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract comprises from 0.2 to 5% by weight of cocoa fats.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cocoa fats are non-triglyceride lipids.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract comprises:

(i) from 35 to 70% by weight cocoa polyphenols;

(ii) from 1 to 10% by weight xanthines;

(iii) less than 2% by weight phenylethylamine; and

(iv) from 0.1 to 10% by weight of cocoa fats.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract comprises from 15 to 40% by weight protein.

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract comprises from 2 to 12% by weight sugars.

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract is provided as part of a food or confectionery product.

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extract is provided as a cosmetic composition or supplement.