MEMS time-of-flight thermal mass flow meter
An apparatus comprising a micromachined (a.k.a. MEMS, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) silicon flow sensor, a flow channel package, and a driving circuitry, which operates in a working principle of thermal time-of-flight (TOF) to measure gas or liquid flow speed, is disclosed in the present invention. The micromachining technique for fabricating this MEMS time-of-flight silicon thermal flow sensor can greatly reduce the sensor fabrication cost by batch production. This microfabrication process for silicon time-of-flight thermal flow sensors provides merits of small feature size, low power consumption, and high accuracy compared to conventional manufacturing methods. Thermal time-of-flight technology in principle can provide accurate flow speed measurements for gases regardless of its gas compositions. In addition, the present invention further discloses the package design and driving circuitry which is utilized by the correlated working principle.
1. A MEMS time-of-flight thermal mass flow meter comprising:
a micromachined time-of-flight (TOF) thermal mass flow sensor;
an insertion type of flow channel package; and
a single frequency drive functionality circuit;
wherein,
said micromachined time-of-flight thermal mass flow sensor has a suspending membrane to provide a heat insulated region for device operation;
said micromachined time-of-flight thermal mass flow sensor has a first micro-thermistor in a serpentine pattern disposed on a top surface of said suspending membrane and functioning as a micro-heating element;
said micromachined time-of-flight thermal mass flow sensor has a second micro-thermistor in a serpentine pattern disposed on said top surface of said suspending membrane, which is in parallel with and a definite distance from said micro-heating element and functioning as a micro-sensing element;
said micromachined time-of-flight thermal mass flow sensor has four open slots on said suspending membrane, which are located in parallel on each side of said micro-heating element and said micro-sensing element to isolate lateral heat conduction for the purpose of enhancing measurement accuracy;
said single frequency drive functionality circuit contains four basic building circuitries including a heater-driving generator circuit; a sensing signal conditioning circuit; a pre-phase-lag detector circuit; and a micro-controller circuit;
said single frequency drive functionality circuit provides a sinusoidal heat wave with a certain frequency to elevate a temperature of micro-heating element; and
said sinusoidal heat wave is carried away by a flowing media and causes a phase shift of said sinusoidal heat wave when said sinusoidal heat wave arrives on said micro-sensing element.
2. The MEMS time-of-flight thermal mass flow meter of claim 1 wherein,
said single frequency drive functionality circuit is capable to measure an amplitude of said sinusoidal heat wave when said sinusoidal heat wave arrives on said micro-sensing element.
3. The MEMS time-of-flight thermal mass flow meter of claim 2 wherein,
said amplitude of said sinusoidal heat wave is applicable to calibrate as a mass flow measurement while said phase shift of said sinusoidal heat wave is applied to calibrate as a volume flow measurement of said time-of-flight.
4. The MEMS time-of-flight thermal mass flow meter of claim 1 wherein,
said micromachined time-of-flight thermal mass flow sensor is mounted and located in the center of said insertion type of flow channel package which can greatly enhance measurement accuracy.
5. The MEMS time-of-flight thermal mass flow meter of claim 1 wherein,
the micromachined time-of-flight thermal mass flow sensor further comprising:
a third micro-thermistor disposed on the top surface of the suspending membrane in parallel with the first and second micro-thermistors, and functioning as a micro-sensing element.
6. The MEMS time-of-flight thermal mass flow meter of claim 5
wherein,
the first micro-thermistor functioning as a micro-heating element is disposed between the second and third micro-thermistors functioning as micro-sensing elements.
7. The MEMS time-of-flight thermal mass flow meter of claim 5
wherein,
said second and third micro-sensing elements are disposed in an upstream and downstream position of the micro-heating element to detect flow direction either from an upstream or downstream of said micro-heating element and therefore provide a bi-directional flow measurement capability.
8. The MEMS time-of-flight thermal mass flow meter of claim 5
wherein,
the micromachined time-of-flight thermal mass flow sensor provides different measuring dynamic ranges by assigning different micro-thermistors as the micro-heating element and the micro-sensing element among the first, second and third micro-thermistors.