Real time management of data relating to physiological control of glucose levels

1. An integrated glucose management system for tuning patient-specific insulin data, comprising:

a memory configured to record and store glucose measurement data representing measurements of physiological glucose levels, and to store exogenous data in a form of attributes tagged to the stored glucose measurement data;

a user interface comprising a visual display and an input device configured to receive and communicate user input data and instructions; and

a processor comprising computer-executable instructions to:

record multiple series of glucose measurement data into the memory during defined time periods;

tag each of the recorded series of glucose measurement data with exogenous attributes including a profile name, wherein the name of the profile is selected to identify the data recording as belonging to a particular category of patient conditions;

access the memory to retrieve a plurality of profiles having a same profile name;

compare the retrieved plurality of profiles to detect a persistent pattern of undesirable measured glucose levels existing in the plurality of profiles;

provide an alarm at the user interface if the persistent pattern is detected in the retrieved plurality of profiles; and

provide a recommended change to patient-specific insulin data as a result of the detected persistent pattern, and display the recommended change on the user interface;

wherein the computer-executable instructions include an excess insulin manager configured to provide a plurality of alternative recommended changes to the patient-specific insulin data; and further

wherein the excess insulin manager is further configured to prioritize a recommended increase in carbohydrate intake lower than recommended changes to insulin delivery.

2. The integrated glucose management system of claim 1 , wherein the patient-specific insulin data comprises a basal rate, a carb ratio, and an insulin sensitivity.

3. The integrated glucose management system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of profiles includes a skip-meal profile, a meal test profile, and a correction bolus test profile.

4. The integrated glucose management system of claim 1 , wherein the processor comprises a further computer-executable instruction to require that a minimum number of the retrieved plurality of profiles must be outside a safe range before providing the recommended change to the patient-specific insulin data.

5. The integrated glucose management system of claim 1 , wherein the processor comprises a further computer-executable instruction to require that the plurality of profiles retrieved for comparison must have been recorded within a selected time period.

6. The integrated glucose management system of claim 1 , wherein the processor comprises a further computer-executable instruction to require that a recommendation for change of a basal rate, a carb ratio, and an insulin sensitivity cannot exceed a predetermined amount.

7. The integrated glucose management system of claim 1 , wherein the processor comprises a further computer-executable instruction to record the multiple series of the glucose measurement data into the memory during the defined time periods upon receiving a manual start signal or an automatic start control.

8. The integrated glucose management system of claim 1 , wherein the tag includes at least one of meal data, breakfast data, high-fat meal data, or post-prandial data.

9. The integrated glucose management system of claim 1 , wherein the glucose measurement data is obtained using a glucose sensor comprising a plurality of electrodes including a working electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises a glucose-responsive enzyme and a mediator, wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is chemically bonded to a polymer disposed on the working electrode, and wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is crosslinked with the polymer.

10. An integrated glucose management system for tuning patient-specific insulin data, comprising:

a memory configured to record and store glucose measurement data representing measurements of physiological glucose levels, and to store exogenous data in a form of attributes tagged to the stored glucose measurement data;

a user interface comprising a visual display and an input device configured to receive and communicate user input data and instructions; and

a processor comprising computer-executable instructions to:

record multiple series of glucose measurement data into the memory during defined time periods;

tag each of the recorded series of glucose measurement data with exogenous attributes including a profile name, wherein the name of the profile is selected to identify the data recording as belonging to a particular category of patient conditions;

access the memory to retrieve a plurality of profiles having a same profile name;

compare the retrieved plurality of profiles to detect a persistent pattern of undesirable measured glucose levels existing in the plurality of profiles;

provide an alarm at the user interface if the persistent pattern is detected in the retrieved plurality of profiles;

provide a recommended change to patient-specific insulin data as a result of the detected persistent pattern, and display the recommended change on the user interface; and

require that a minimum number of the retrieved plurality of profiles must be outside a safe range before providing the recommended change to the patient-specific insulin data.

11. The integrated glucose management system of claim 10 , wherein the patient-specific insulin data comprises a basal rate, a carb ratio, and an insulin sensitivity.

12. The integrated glucose management system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of profiles includes a skip-meal profile, a meal test profile, and a correction bolus test profile.

13. The integrated glucose management system of claim 10 , wherein the processor comprises a further computer-executable instruction to require that the plurality profiles retrieved for comparison must have been recorded within a selected time period.

14. The integrated glucose management system of claim 10 , wherein the processor comprises a further computer-executable instruction to record the multiple series of the glucose measurement data into the memory during the defined time periods upon receiving a manual start signal or an automatic start control.

15. The integrated glucose management system of claim 10 , wherein the tag includes at least one of meal data, breakfast data, high-fat meal data, or post-prandial data.

16. The integrated glucose management system of claim 10 , wherein the glucose measurement data is obtained using a glucose sensor comprising a plurality of electrodes including a working electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises a glucose-responsive enzyme and a mediator, wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is chemically bonded to a polymer disposed on the working electrode, and wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is crosslinked with the polymer.

17. An integrated glucose management system for tuning patient-specific insulin data, comprising:

a memory configured to record and store glucose measurement data representing measurements of physiological glucose levels, and to store exogenous data in a form of attributes tagged to the stored glucose measurement data;

a user interface comprising a visual display and an input device configured to receive and communicate user input data and instructions; and

a processor comprising computer-executable instructions to:

record multiple series of glucose measurement data into the memory during defined time periods;

tag each of the recorded series of glucose measurement data with exogenous attributes including a profile name, wherein the name of the profile is selected to identify the data recording as belonging to a particular category of patient conditions;

access the memory to retrieve a plurality of profiles having a same profile name;

compare the retrieved plurality of profiles to detect a persistent pattern of undesirable measured glucose levels existing in the plurality of profiles;

provide an alarm at the user interface if the persistent pattern is detected in the retrieved plurality of profiles;

provide a recommended change to patient-specific insulin data as a result of the detected persistent pattern, and display the recommended change on the user interface; and

require that a recommendation for change of a basal rate, a carb ratio, and an insulin sensitivity cannot exceed a predetermined amount.

18. The integrated glucose management system of claim 17 , wherein the patient-specific insulin data comprises the basal rate, the carb ratio, and the insulin sensitivity.

19. The integrated glucose management system of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of profiles includes a skip-meal profile, a meal test profile, and a correction bolus test profile.

20. The integrated glucose management system of claim 17 , wherein the processor comprises a further computer-executable instruction to require that a minimum number of the retrieved plurality of profiles must be outside a safe range before providing the recommended change to the patient-specific insulin data.

21. The integrated glucose management system of claim 17 , wherein the processor comprises a further computer-executable instruction to require that the plurality of profiles retrieved for comparison must have been recorded within a selected time period.

22. The integrated glucose management system of claim 17 , wherein the processor comprises a further computer-executable instruction to record the multiple series of the glucose measurement data into the memory during the defined time periods upon receiving a manual start signal or an automatic start control.

23. The integrated glucose management system of claim 17 , wherein the glucose measurement data is obtained using a glucose sensor comprising a plurality of electrodes including a working electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises a glucose-responsive enzyme and a mediator, wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is chemically bonded to a polymer disposed on the working electrode, and wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is crosslinked with the polymer.

24. A method, comprising:

recording and storing, using a memory, glucose measurement data representing measurements of physiological glucose levels;

storing, using the memory, exogenous data in a form of attributes tagged to the stored glucose measurement data;

receiving and communicating, using a user interface comprising a visual display and an input device, user input data and instructions;

recording, using a processor comprising computer-executable instructions, multiple series of glucose measurement data into the memory during defined time periods;

tagging, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, each of the recorded series of glucose measurement data with exogenous attributes including a profile name, wherein the name of the profile is selected to identify the data recording as belonging to a particular category of patient conditions;

accessing, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, the memory to retrieve a plurality of profiles having a same profile name;

comparing, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, the retrieved plurality of profiles to detect a persistent pattern of undesirable measured glucose levels existing in the plurality of profiles;

providing, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, an alarm at the user interface if the persistent pattern is detected in the retrieved plurality of profiles;

providing, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, a recommended change to patient-specific insulin data as a result of the detected persistent pattern, and display the recommended change on the user interface;

providing, using an excess insulin manager, a plurality of alternative recommended changes to the patient-specific insulin data; and

prioritizing, using the excess insulin manager, a recommended increase in carbohydrate intake lower than recommended changes to insulin delivery.

25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the glucose measurement data is obtained using a glucose sensor comprising a plurality of electrodes including a working electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises a glucose-responsive enzyme and a mediator, wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is chemically bonded to a polymer disposed on the working electrode, and wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is crosslinked with the polymer.

26. A method, comprising:

recording and storing, using a memory, glucose measurement data representing measurements of physiological glucose levels;

storing, using the memory, exogenous data in a form of attributes tagged to the stored glucose measurement data;

receiving and communicating, using a user interface comprising a visual display and an input device, user input data and instructions;

recording, using a processor comprising computer-executable instructions, multiple series of glucose measurement data into the memory during defined time periods;

tagging, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, each of the recorded series of glucose measurement data with exogenous attributes including a profile name, wherein the name of the profile is selected to identify the data recording as belonging to a particular category of patient conditions;

accessing, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, the memory to retrieve a plurality of profiles having a same profile name;

comparing, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, the retrieved plurality of profiles to detect a persistent pattern of undesirable measured glucose levels existing in the plurality of profiles;

providing, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, an alarm at the user interface if the persistent pattern is detected in the retrieved plurality of profiles;

providing, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, a recommended change to patient-specific insulin data as a result of the detected persistent pattern, and display the recommended change on the user interface; and

requiring, using the processor comprising the computer-executable instructions, that a minimum number of the retrieved plurality of profiles must be outside a safe range before providing the recommended change to the patient-specific insulin data.

27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the glucose measurement data is obtained using a glucose sensor comprising a plurality of electrodes including a working electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises a glucose-responsive enzyme and a mediator, wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is chemically bonded to a polymer disposed on the working electrode, and wherein at least one of the glucose-responsive enzyme and the mediator is crosslinked with the polymer.