Bolted steel connections with 3-D jacket plates and tension rods

1. A three-dimensional jacket-plate connector to connect at least two I-beam members, each member comprising a steel I-beam section, the jacket-plate connector comprising

a first three-dimensional jacket plate; and

a second three-dimension jacket plate that is a mirror image of the first three-dimensional jacket plate, the two jacket plates bolted to opposite sides of a joint connecting a continuous primary I-beam member and one or more connected secondary I-beam members,

wherein a jacket plate comprises one or more branching secondary C-channels connected to a continuous primary C-channel that intersect to match angles of the joint formed between a longitudinal axis of the one or more connected secondary I-beam members and a longitudinal axis of the continuous primary I-beam member,

at least one threaded tension rod installed through the depth of the cross section of the primary C-channel of the jacket plate to transfer bending moments and shear forces across the joint, and

at least one steel plate stiffener welded between the flange portions of the primary I-beam member to counteract the compression forces caused by the at least one threaded tension rod.

2. The connector of claim 1 , wherein the primary and secondary C-channels comprise webs that are welded at an intersection to form a side plate on a common plane.

3. The connector of claim 2 , wherein the primary and secondary C-channels comprise flanges that are welded at an intersection to form clamping plates around the perimeter of the side plate, where flanges or clamping plates are perpendicular to the side plate.

4. The connector of claim 3 , wherein at the intersection a section of one side of the flanges of the primary C-channel between flanges of the secondary C-channel is notched out to accommodate the secondary I-beam member installed at the joint.

5. The connector of claim 3 , wherein each pair of the flanges of the first and secondary C-channels clamps the opposing flanges of the corresponding I-beam member in the depth direction of the cross-section.

6. The connector of claim 1 , wherein the connector forms one of, or a combination of, the following shapes: a (T)-shape, a (V)-shape, a (y)-shape, a (L)-shape, a (K)-shape, a rotated back-to-back dual (K)-shape, a rotated (T)-shape, a tilted (V)-shape, a rotated (y)-shape, a rotated (K)-shape, an (X)-shape, a (cross) or (+)-shape, a rotated (cross) or (+)-shape, a full or partial (asterisk)-shape.

7. The connector of claim 1 ,

wherein the jacket plates comprise:

a plurality of pre-drilled holes in clamp plates configured for a bolted connection to the flange portion of each steel I-beam section.

8. The connector of claim 1 , wherein bolts connect clamp plates of the jacket plates to flanges of the I-beam sections.

9. The connector of claim 1 , wherein pre-drilled holes of clamp plates match pre-drilled holes of flanges of the I-beam members.

10. The connector of 1 , wherein a box space surrounded by opposing flanges of the connected I-beam member in the vertical direction; and by a side plate of a jacket plate and the web of connected secondary I-beam member in the horizontal direction, allow access from an open end for tightening of nuts of bolts.

11. The connector of claim 1 , wherein clamping plates of the jacket plates are welded to flanges of the first and secondary I-beam members.

12. The connector of claim 1 , wherein the primary and secondary C-channels are formed using hot rolling.

13. The connector of claim 1 , wherein the interior clear distance between a pair of opposing clamping plates of the jacket plate is substantially equal to an exterior depth of a cross-section of either the primary or secondary I-beam members.

14. The connector of claim 1 , wherein the secondary I-beam member is joined to the primary I-beam member at a non-perpendicular angle.

15. The connector of claim 1 , wherein the joint comprises at least two secondary I-beam members.

16. The connector of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more secondary members is joined to the primary member at a non-perpendicular angle.