Curable solid ink compositions
A radiation curable solid ink composition comprising at least one curable wax that is curable by free radical polymerization; at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer; at least one non-curable wax; at least one free-radical photoinitiator or photoinitiating moiety; and a colorant; wherein the components form a curable ink composition that is a solid at a first temperature of from about 20 to about 25° C.; and wherein the components form a liquid composition at a second temperature of greater than about 40° C.
1. A radiation curable solid ink composition comprising:
at least one curable wax that is curable by free radical polymerization, wherein the at least one curable wax is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 25% by weight based upon the total weight of the curable solid ink composition;
at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer, wherein the at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 80% by weight based on the total weight of the curable solid ink composition;
wherein the at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer has a melting point of from about 45 to about 80° C.;
at least one non-curable wax, wherein the non-curable wax is present in an amount of from about 20 to about 50% by weight based upon the total weight of the curable solid ink composition;
at least one free-radical photoinitiator, wherein the photoinitiator or photoinitiators are present in a total amount of from about 0.5 to about 15% by weight based upon the total weight of the curable solid ink composition; and
a colorant;
wherein the components form a curable ink composition that is a solid at a first temperature, wherein the first temperature is from about 20 to about 25° C.;
wherein the components form a liquid composition at a second temperature, wherein the second temperature is greater than about 40° C.
2. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one curable wax contains an acrylate, methacrylate, alkene, vinyl, or allylic ether, functional group.
3. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer is an acrylate monomer, a methacrylate monomer, or a mixture or combination thereof.
4. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer is cyclohexane dimethanol diacrylate, tris(2-hydroxy ethyl)isocyanurate triacrylate, acrylate ester, or a mixture or combination thereof.
5. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , where the at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer further comprises a nonpolar liquid acrylate or methacrylate monomer selected from the group consisting of isobornyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, caprolactone acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, isooctylacrylate, isooctylmethacrylate, butyl acrylate, or a mixture or combination thereof.
6. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-curable wax is an ester wax.
7. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-curable wax is an ester wax having an acid value (mg KOH/g) of from greater than about 15 to less than about 100.
8. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the wherein the non-curable wax is an ester wax having a melting point of from about 40 to about 95° C.
9. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the photoinitiator is an ultraviolet radiation activated photoinitiator.
10. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the photoinitiator comprises a three-component photoinitiator system with no synergist.
11. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the photoinitiator comprises 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphineoxide, and 2-methyl-1[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropan-1-one, or a mixture or combination thereof.
12. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a pre-cure hardness in the range of about 20 to about 50 at room temperature.
13. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the radiation curable solid ink composition forms a semi-solid state at an intermediate temperature between a jetting temperature and a substrate temperature and wherein the radiation curable solid ink composition remains in a liquid or semi-solid state for a period of time prior to solidification on the substrate.
14. An ink jet printer ink stick or pellet containing a curable solid ink composition comprising at least one curable wax that is curable by free radical polymerization; at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer; at least one non-curable wax; at least one free-radical photoinitiator; and a colorant;
wherein the at least one curable wax is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 25% by weight based upon the total weight of the curable solid ink composition;
wherein the at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 80% by weight based on the total weight of the curable solid ink composition;
wherein the at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer has a melting point of from about 45 to about 80° C.;
wherein the non-curable wax is present in an amount of from about 20 to about 50% by weight based upon the total weight of the curable solid ink composition; and
wherein the photoinitiator or photoinitiators are present in a total amount of from about 0.5 to about 15% by weight based upon the total weight of the curable solid ink composition;
wherein the components form a curable ink composition that is a solid at a first temperature, wherein the first temperature is from about 20 to about 25° C.;
wherein the components form a liquid composition at a second temperature, wherein the second temperature is greater than about 40° C.
15. A radiation curable solid ink composition comprising:
at least one curable wax that is curable by free radical polymerization, wherein the at least one curable wax is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 25% by weight based upon the total weight of the curable solid ink composition;
at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer, wherein the at least one monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 80% by weight based on the total weight of the curable solid ink composition;
at least one non-curable wax, wherein the non-curable wax is present in an amount of from about 20 to about 50% by weight based upon the total weight of the curable solid ink composition;
wherein the non-curable wax is an ester wax;
at least one free-radical photoinitiator, wherein the photoinitiator or photoinitiators are present in a total amount of from about 0.5 to about 15% by weight based upon the total weight of the curable solid ink composition; and
a colorant;
wherein the components form a curable ink composition that is a solid at a first temperature, wherein the first temperature is from about 20 to about 25° C.;
wherein the components form a liquid composition at a second temperature, wherein the second temperature is greater than about 40° C.
16. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 15 , wherein the non-curable wax is an ester wax having an acid value (mg KOH/g) of from greater than about 15 to less than about 100.
17. The radiation curable solid ink composition of claim 15 , wherein the wherein the non-curable wax is an ester wax having a melting point of from about 40 to about 95° C.
18. The ink jet printer ink stick or pellet of claim 14 , wherein the non-curable wax is an ester wax.