Self-assembled polynucleotide structure
The present application provides polynucleotide structures such as nucleic acid ribbons and nucleic acid tubes, methods for making the polynucleotide structures, and methods for making two-dimensional or three-dimensional objects comprising the nucleic acid ribbons and nucleic acid tubes.
1. A method of making a polynucleotide structure, comprising:
providing a first species, a second species, a third species, a fourth species, a fifth species, and a sixth species, wherein the sequence of the first species is different from the sequence of the fourth species;
maintaining the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth, and the sixth species in conditions that 1) allow the first, second, and third species to hybridize to form a first column comprising at least a portion of each of the first, second, and third species, wherein the first column comprises at least two double-stranded polynucleotide helices, 2) allow the fourth, fifth, and sixth species to hybridize to form a second column comprising at least a portion of each of the fourth, fifth, and sixth species, wherein the second column comprises at least two double-stranded polynucleotide helices, and 3) allow the first column to hybridize to the second column to provide a polynucleotide structure of a defined length.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conditions allows the first species to be hybridized to the second species and the second species to be hybridized to the third species.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing a seventh species and an eighth species, and maintaining the seventh species and the eighth species in conditions that the seventh species hybridizes to the third species and the eighth species to be hybridizes to the sixth species.
4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising hybridizing the first and the seventh species to form a tube of the polynucleotide, wherein the tube comprises at least a top of the first column positioned adjacent to a bottom of the first column.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising covalently bonding at least two of the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth, and the sixth species.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising ligating at least one of the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth, and the sixth species to itself.
7. A polynucleotide structure comprising:
a first species;
a second species;
a third species;
a fourth species;
a fifth species; and
a sixth species,
wherein the first, the second, and the third species are hybridized to form a first column that comprises at least a portion of each of the first, second and third species, wherein the first column comprises at least two double-stranded polynucleotide helices, wherein the fourth, the fifth, and the sixth species are hybridized to form a second column that comprises at least a portion of each of the fourth, fifth, and sixth species, wherein the second column comprises at least two double-stranded polynucleotide helices, wherein the first column is hybridized to the second column, providing a length to the polynucleotide structure, and wherein the sequence of the first species is different from the sequence of the fourth species, and wherein the first and fourth species comprise a first row.
8. The polynucleotide of claim 7 , wherein the sequence of the second species is different from the sequence of the fifth species.
9. The polynucleotide of claim 8 , wherein the sequence the third species is different from the sequence of the sixth species.
10. The polynucleotide of claim 9 , wherein the sequence of the first species is different from the sequence of the second species and the third species.
11. The polynucleotide of claim 10 , wherein the sequence of the second species is different from the sequence of the first species and the third species.
12. The polynucleotide of claim 7 , wherein the sequence of the third species is different from the sequence of the first species and the second species.
13. The polynucleotide of claim 8 , wherein the first species is hybridized to the second species, and wherein the second species is hybridized to the third species.
14. The polynucleotide of claim 13 , wherein the fifth species is hybridized to the sixth species.
15. The polynucleotide of claim 7 , further comprising:
a seventh species; and
an eighth species, wherein the seventh species forms a part of the first column, and wherein the eighth species forms a part of the second column.
16. The polynucleotide of claim 15 , wherein the seventh species is hybridized to the third species, and wherein the eighth species is hybridized to the sixth species.
17. The polynucleotide of claim 16 , wherein the first and the seventh species are linear.
18. The polynucleotide of claim 16 , wherein the second and the third species are U-shaped.
19. The polynucleotide of claim 18 , wherein the first and the seventh species are linear.
20. The polynucleotide of claim 19 , wherein the first and the seventh species are each 21 nucleotides in length.
21. The polynucleotide of claim 20 , wherein the second and the third species are units of 42 nucleotides in length.
22. The polynucleotide of claim 21 , wherein the second and the third species are each 42 or 84 nucleotides in length.
23. The polynucleotide of claim 22 , wherein the polynucleotide is 2 to one million columns in length.
24. The polynucleotide of claim 19 , wherein the polynucleotide is 2 to 1,000 columns in length.
25. The polynucleotide of claim 19 , wherein there is at least one covalent bond between at least two of the species.
26. The polynucleotide of claim 25 , wherein there is at least one covalent bond between the first species and the seventh species.
27. The polynucleotide of claim 26 , wherein the covalent bond comprises a disulfide bond.
28. The polynucleotide of claim 15 , wherein the first column comprises a top and a bottom, and wherein the top is adjacent to the bottom, so as to form a tube of the polynucleotide.
29. The polynucleotide of claim 28 , wherein the top and bottom of the first column interact by hybridization.
30. The polynucleotide of claim 29 , wherein the top and bottom of the first column interact by a covalent bond.
31. The polynucleotide of claim 15 , wherein the first and the seventh species interact so as to form a tube of the polynucleotide.
32. The polynucleotide of claim 7 , wherein there is at least one covalent bond between at least two of the species.
33. The polynucleotide of claim 26 , wherein there is at least one covalent bond between the first and second species.
34. The polynucleotide of claim 7 , wherein the second and the fifth species comprise a second row, and wherein the third and the sixth species comprise a third row.
35. The polynucleotide of claim 34 , wherein the polynucleotide comprises 1 to 100 rows.