Fusion formed and ion exchanged glass-ceramics
The present disclosure relates to fusion formable highly crystalline glass-ceramic articles whose composition lies within the SiO 2 —R 2 O 3 —Li 2 O/Na 2 O—TiO 2 system and which contain a silicate crystalline phase comprised of lithium aluminosilicate (β-spodumene and/or β-quartz solid solution) lithium metasilicate and/or lithium disilicate. Additionally, these silicate-crystal containing glass-ceramics can exhibit varying Na 2 O to Li 2 O molar ratio extending from the surface to the bulk of the glass article, particularly a decreasing Li 2 O concentration and an increasing Na 2 O concentration from surface to bulk. According to a second embodiment, disclosed herein is a method for forming a silicate crystalline phase-containing glass ceramic.
1. A translucent or opaque glass-ceramic whose composition lies within the SiO 2 —R 2 O 3 —Li 2 O/Na 2 O—TiO 2 system and comprises a silicate crystalline phase, and a composition, in weight percent on an oxide basis, of 40-80% SiO 2 , 2-30% Al 2 O 3 , 2-10% Li 2 O, 0-8% TiO 2 , 0-3% ZrO 2 , 0-2% SnO 2 , 0-7% B 2 O 3 , 0-4% MgO, 0-12% ZnO, 0-8% BaO, 0-3% CaO, 0-6% SrO, 0-4% K 2 O, from greater than 0% up to 3% Na 2 O, 0-1.0% Sb 2 O 3 , 0-0.25% Ag, 0-0.25% CeO2, 0-0.01% Au, a molar ratio of Li 2 O+Na 2 O/Al 2 O 3 +B 2 O 3 of greater than 0.8, wherein
the glass-ceramic is made from a glass that exhibits a liquidus viscosity of greater than 75,000 poise, and
a molar ratio of Na 2 O to Li 2 O increases from a surface to a bulk of the glass-ceramic,
wherein R 2 comprises at least one of B and Al.
2. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 wherein the glass-ceramic is formed via down drawn glass process.
3. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 wherein a source of Li in the glass-ceramic structure is provided through an ion exchange process.
4. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 wherein the silicate crystal phase is comprised of a lithium aluminosilicate phase of β-spodumene and/or β-quartz solid solution.
5. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 wherein the silicate crystal phase is comprised of lithium metasilicate and/or lithium disilicate.
6. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 wherein the composition further includes the combination of TiO 2 +ZrO 2 +SnO 2 in an amount of at least 3.0 wt %.
7. The glass-ceramic of claim 6 wherein said composition comprises, in weight percent on an oxide basis, 55-70% SiO 2 , 0-5% B 2 O 3 , 2.5-7% Li 2 O, 0-3% ZrO 2 , 0-1% SnO 2 , 0-3% MgO, 0-6% ZnO, greater than 0 to 2% Na 2 O, and 2-4.5% TiO 2 .
8. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 wherein said composition further comprises a transition metal ion selected from the group consisting of Co 2+ , Cr 3+ , Cu 1+ , Sn 4+ , Mn 4+ , Sb 3+ , Fe 3+ , In 3+ , Bi 3+ , Ni 2+ , V 3+ , and Ta 5+ .