Rebound control material

1. An energy absorbing hyperelastic material wherein the material has a damping capacity tan of not less than about 0.05 for temperatures between −15° C. and 45° C. and the stress-strain response is strain-rate independent between 50 and 1000 s −1 , wherein the hyperelastic material has a tan δ that varies by not more than 0.1 for temperatures between −15° C. and 45° C.

2. The energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 1 , wherein the tan δ is not less than about 0.10.

3. The energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 1 , wherein the hyperelastic material has a Shore D hardness from about 40 to about 70.

4. The energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 1 , wherein the hyperelastic material has a maximum tensile stress ranging from about 4000 to about 7000 psi.

5. The energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 1 , wherein the hyperelastic material has an elongation at break ranging from about 150% to about 700%.

6. The energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 1 , wherein the material has no T g onset between about −15° C. and about 45° C.

7. The energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 6 , wherein the material does not have a melting temperature.

8. The energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 6 , wherein the material has no melting temperature onset between about −15° C. and about 45° C.

9. An impact attenuator system comprising the energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 1 .

10. The impact attenuator system of claim 9 , wherein the tan δ of the energy absorbing hyperelastic material is not less than about 0.1.

11. The impact attenuator system of claim 9 , wherein the energy absorbing hyperelastic material has no T g onset between about −15° C. and about 45° C.

12. The impact attenuator system of claim 11 , wherein the energy absorbing hyperelastic material does not have a melting temperature.

13. The impact attenuator system of claim 11 , wherein the energy absorbing hyperelastic material has no melting temperature onset between about −15° C. and about 45° C.

14. The energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 1 , wherein the material is formed from a mixture comprising:

an MDI-polyether prepolymer, wherein the prepolymer had a free isocyanate content of from about 10% to about 15%;

at least one long chain polyether or polyester polyol, wherein the polyol had an OH# of from about 20 to about 80;

at least one short chain diol, wherein the diol was from about 30% to about 45% of the total hydroxyl-containing components;

at least one catalysts; and

wherein the proportion of the components provided from about 2% to about 10% excess isocyanate groups.

15. The energy absorbing hyperelastic material of claim 14 , wherein at least one short chain diol is hydroquinone bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether.

16. The impact attenuator system of claim 9 comprising:

at least one first side beam assembly and at least one opposing, or second, side beam assembly, the first and second beam assemblies are in opposed relationship, the first beam assembly having a first, or leading, end and a second end, and the second beam assembly having a first, or leading, end and a second end;

at least one nose assembly that is secured to the first end of the first beam assembly and to the first end of the second beam assembly;

each side beam assembly further including a plurality of side panels, each side panel having a first end and a second end, wherein the second end of a first panel overlaps the first end of the adjacent panel whereby the side panel members are in a nested linear arrangement;

each side panel defining at least one longitudinally extending opening wherein adjacent slots on adjacent side panels at least partially overlap;

at least one diaphragm panel, wherein the diaphragm panel is positioned between opposing side panels and is secured to the opposing side panels by at least one securing mechanism, wherein the securing mechanism extends from an outer surface of the side panel through the slot, the securing mechanism being capable of being longitudinally moved along the slot;

at least one bay defined by the opposing side panels and the diaphragm panels;

at least one hyperelastic member positioned in each bay, wherein the stiffness of hyperelastic members are not all the same;

and, at least one anchoring system including at least one cable which is secured at a first end to a first anchoring mechanism and is secured at a second end to a second anchoring mechanism.

17. The impact attenuator system of claim 16 , wherein the stiffness of hyperelastic members further from the nose assembly is higher than hyperelastic members closer to the nose assembly.

18. The impact attenuator system of claim 16 , wherein the hyperelastic members have conjoined tubular shapes.