Resonant actuator using magnetic action for a power toothbrush
A magnetic actuator system which includes a case ( 10 ) and a spindle ( 22 ) which extends through the case comprising a magnetizable material such as iron. The actuator further includes a pair of permanent magnet assemblies ( 14, 16 ) positioned fixedly within the casing with a longitudinal space there between, wherein the permanent magnet assemblies comprise an alternating plurality of north pole/south magnet sections ( 18 ) which extend longitudinally or circumferentially of the actuator. The actuator further includes a coil winding ( 24 ) which surrounds the spindle, positioned between the two permanent magnet assemblies. Magnetic pole assemblies ( 28, 30 ) attached to the spindle are positioned within the volume encompassed by the permanent magnet assemblies, such that an alternating drive signal produces an oscillating action of the spindle of desired frequency and amplitude.
1. A magnetic actuator system for a power toothbrush, comprising:
a case;
a spindle of magnetizable material which extends through the case;
at least one pair of spaced permanent magnet assemblies fixed in position in the case, wherein the permanent magnet assemblies each comprise a plurality of north pole/south pole magnet sections wherein the north pole/south pole magnet sections of one permanent magnet assembly oppose the north pole/south pole magnet sections of the other permanent magnet assembly;
a coil winding which surrounds the spindle in the space between the permanent magnet assemblies;
a pair of spaced magnet pole assemblies, each having a plurality of magnetic pole members, attached to the spindle, positioned within a volume surrounded by the permanent magnet assemblies, wherein the magnetic pole members extend radially outward from the spindle toward the permanent magnet assemblies and wherein one magnet pole assembly is magnetized north while the other magnet pole assembly is magnetized south;
wherein in operation, an energizing signal in the form of a square wave about zero or an alternating current from a source thereof is applied to the coil windings, resulting in a magnetic interaction between the magnet coil assemblies and the spaced permanent magnets assemblies, providing an oscillating movement of the spindle at a selected frequency and angle, and wherein the spindle is adapted to receive a brushhead assembly or a spring assembly adapted to receive a brushhead assembly, for cleaning of a user's teeth.
2. The actuator system of claim 1 , including a ball spring secured to or part of the spindle.
3. The actuator system of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is arranged to function in operation as a magnetic spring due to cogging torque of the actuator.
4. The actuator system of claim 1 , wherein the north pole/south pole magnet sections alternate circumferentially around the interior of the case.
5. The actuator system of claim 1 , wherein the north pole/south pole magnet sections alternate longitudinally along the case.
6. The actuator system of claim 1 , including two sets of at least one pair of permanent magnet assemblies, wherein the north pole/south pole magnet sections in one set of permanent magnet assemblies alternate circumferentially about the interior of the case and wherein the north pole/south pole magnet sections in the other set alternate longitudinally along the case.
7. The actuator system of claim 4 , wherein each permanent magnet assembly includes at least eight magnet sections, with alternating north and south poles, and wherein the magnetic pole assemblies each comprise a center section and half as many equally spaced magnetic pole members as magnet sections extending outwardly therefrom.
8. The actuator system of claim 5 , wherein each permanent magnet assembly includes at least four magnet sections, with alternating north and south poles, and half as many magnetic pole members as magnet sections spaced along the spindle within the volume encompassed by the permanent magnet assemblies.
9. The actuator system of claim 1 , wherein the spindle and the magnetic pole assemblies are made from iron.
10. The actuator system of claim 1 , wherein the spindle has a greater diameter in the portion thereof which is in registry with the coil winding than in the portions thereof which are in registry with the permanent magnet assemblies.
11. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the case has a diameter in the range of 12-15 mm.
12. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the selected angle is within the range of 9-16°.
13. The actuator system of claim 1 , including a sensing winding in the vicinity of the coil winding, wherein movement of the permanent magnet assemblies produces a flux which induces a voltage in the sensing winding dependent upon the position of the sensing coil relative to the permanent magnet assemblies, and wherein the actuator system includes a control assembly for processing the voltage signal from the sensing winding to resolve a voltage which is due only to the flux from the permanent magnet assemblies and for comparing that voltage against a standard value and for thereafter changing the frequency or duty cycle of the driving signal to produce a spindle stroke of the spindle of desired magnitude and/or angle.