Ellipticity measuring device
A balloon catheter is used for dilating tubular members of the body such as dilating stenotic aortic valve leaflets found in the aortic root, and measuring the shape and dimensions of the annulus. The balloon has two larger diameter bulbous regions; one is positioned in the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) and the other in the aortic sinus; a smaller diameter waist region is positioned across the aortic annulus. During inflation of the balloon, the balloon waist expands in diameter until it comes into contact with the aortic annulus. The balloon pressure and inflation volume is monitored during inflation so that an inflection point in the dP/dV curve is seen at the point of contact of the waist with the annulus. Radiopaque rings and/or marker bands in the device allow the size and orientation of the elliptical annulus to be calculated.
1. A catheter for determining the size and shape of a tubular member of the body, said catheter comprising:
a balloon having a first semi-compliant region and a second region,
said first semi-compliant region having a first span of radiopaque markers comprising a variable ring of radiopaque markers,
said second region having a second span of radiopaque markers expanding to a predetermined size; said second region having a larger diameter than said first region during inflation of said balloon.
2. The catheter of claim 1 wherein said second span of radiopaque markers remain a fixed distance away from each other on said second region.
3. The catheter of claim 1 wherein said second region is a noncompliant region in which said second span of radiopaque markers are positioned along a circumference of said second region of said balloon.
4. The catheter of claim 1 wherein said balloon further comprising a third region, said first semi-compliant region being positioned axially between said second and said third regions, said second region and said third region being larger in diameter than said first region during balloon inflation.
5. The catheter of claim 4 wherein said third region has a third span of radiopaque markers forming a ring.
6. A catheter for determining the size and shape of a tubular member of the body, said catheter comprising:
a balloon having a first region comprising semi-compliant material and a second region comprising non-compliant material; said first region located adjacent to said second region;
a first ring of radiopaque markers located around said first region; said first ring of radiopaque markers comprising a first plurality of radiopaque markers that increase in distance from each other along said first region during inflation of said balloon;
a second ring of radiopaque markers located around said second region; said second ring of radiopaque markers comprising a second plurality of radiopaque markers that remain a constant distance from each other along said second region during inflation;
wherein said second ring of radiopaque markers forms a known diameter when fully inflated.