Treatment of interface rag produced during heavy crude oil processing
A method for treating an interface rag includes the steps of removing a volume of rag at a controlled rate from an upstream rag source and passing the rag through a high pressure pump and a heater. The heater heats the rag to a temperature of at least 350° F. to thermally decomposing any chemicals that had been added to the interface rag to promote separation. Diluent is then mixed with the heated rag to cool the rag to a temperature less than 300° F. and produce a 30 API rag. The cooled diluted rag is then treated in an electrostatic treater or sent directly to a hydrocyclone cluster. The electrostatic treater is preferably a vertical electrostatic treater with a conical-shaped lower portion and a means for agitating the solid-laden water within the treater to prevent the solids from settling on the bottom of the treater.
1. A method for treating an oil/water interface (“rag”) extracted from separation, dehydration and desalting equipment, the method comprising the steps of:
(i) removing a volume of rag from a rag source;
(ii) passing the volume of rag through a pump to provide pressurized rag, the pressure provided by the pump being effective for preventing boiling a water content of the rag and preventing vaporizing a light hydrocarbon content of the rag;
(iii) decomposing one or more separation-producing chemicals contained in the volume of rag by heating the pressurized rag to a first temperature of at least 350° F.;
(iv) mixing an amount of diluent with the heated pressurized rag, the amount of diluent being effective for producing a rag of about 30 API;
(v) cooling the 30 API rag to a second temperature of less than about 300° F.; and
(vi) treating the cooled 30 API rag in a separator device to remove at least a substantial portion of water and solids therefrom without a flashing step.
2. A method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of extracting an oil from an upper portion of said separator device.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein said separator device is an electrostatic treater.
4. A method according to claim 3 wherein said electrostatic treater is a vertical electrostatic treater having a conical-shaped lower portion.
5. A method according to claim 3 further comprising the step of recycling water within said electrostatic treater.
6. A method according to claim 5 further comprising the step of monitoring a level of said water within said electrostatic treater.
7. A method according to claim 3 further comprising the steps of:
extracting solids-laden water from a lower portion of said electrostatic treater; and
treating said solids-laden water in one or more hydrocyclones.
8. A method according to claim 7 further comprising the step of collecting overflow oil from said one or more hydrocyclones.
9. A method according to claim 7 further comprising the steps of collecting an underflow of water and solids from said one or more hydrocyclones.
10. A method according to claim 1 wherein said rag source has at least one rag source selected from the group consisting of a free water knockout rag, a separator rag, a treater rag, a desalter rag and a portable tank containing rag.
11. A method according to claim 1 wherein said volume of rag has an API gravity in a range of about 12 to about 17 API.
12. A method according to claim 1 wherein the method does not require tank storage.
13. A method of treating collected interface rag that results from the separation of low gravity hydrocarbons, including solid constituents, from water, comprising the steps of:
(1) decomposing one or more separation-producing chemicals contained in the collected rag by pumping collected rag through a heater to achieve pressurized, heated rag having a temperature of at least 350° F.;
(2) mixing the pressurized, heated rag with a hydrocarbon diluent to provide a cooled diluted rag; and
(3) subjecting the cooled diluted rag to dehydration to separate hydrocarbon product from water and solids without a flashing step.
14. A method of treating interface rag according to claim 13 wherein in step ( 2 ) sufficient hydrocarbon diluent is mixed with said pressurized, heated rag to increase the API gravity thereof to at least about 30 API.
15. A method of treating interface rag according to claim 13 wherein in step ( 2 ) the diluted rag is cooled to a temperature of less than 300° F. followed by dehydration in an electrostatic treater.
16. A method of treating interface rag according to claim 15 wherein water collected in said electrostatic treater is agitated to keep solids in suspension until the water is discharged from the treater.
17. A method of treating interface rag according to claim 16 wherein a vertical electrostatic treater is employed in step ( 3 ) with a conical bottom wherein water is recycled back into a bottom portion of said conical bottom to keep solids in suspension until solids-laden water is removed from said treater.
18. A method of treating interface rag according to claim 13 wherein in step ( 3 ) the cooled diluted rag is dehydrated by use of one or more hydrocyclones.
19. A method according to claim 13 wherein apparatus for pumping collected rag through a heater, for mixing pressurized, heated rag with a hydrocarbon diluent and for subjecting cooled diluted rag to dehydration to separate hydrocarbon product from water and solids are carried out in a portable unit that can be transported from site to site to perform rag treatment services.
20. A method according to claim 13 wherein the method does not require tank storage.