Electrode composite material, method for making the same, and lithium ion battery using the same
A cathode composite material includes a cathode active material particle having a surface, and a continuous aluminum phosphate layer coated on the surface of the cathode active material particle. A material of the cathode active material particle is spinel type lithium manganese oxide. The present disclosure also relates to a lithium ion battery and a method for making the cathode composite material.
1. A cathode composite material comprising a cathode active material particle and a aluminum phosphate layer coated on a surface of the cathode active material particle, wherein a material of the cathode active material particle is spinel type lithium manganese oxide, and the aluminum phosphate layer comprising transition metal atoms diffused from the material of the cathode active material particle; wherein the spinel type lithium manganese oxide is represented by a chemical formula of Li x Mn 2−i L i O 4 ; 0.1≦x≦1.1 and 0≦i<2; and L represents at least one of the chemical elements of manganese, nickel, chromium, cobalt, vanadium, titanium, aluminum, iron, gallium, neodymium, and magnesium.
2. The cathode composite material of claim 1 , wherein a mass percentage of the aluminum phosphate layer is in a range from about 0.1% to about 3%.
3. The cathode composite material of claim 1 , wherein a mass percentage of the aluminum phosphate layer is about 1%.
4. The cathode composite material of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the aluminum phosphate layer is in a range from about 5 nanometers to about 20 nanometers.
5. The cathode composite material of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum phosphate layer has a uniform thickness.
6. The cathode composite material of claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the cathode active material particle is in a range from about 100 nanometers to about 100 microns.
7. The cathode composite material of claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the cathode active material particle is in a range from about 1 micron to about 20 microns.
8. The cathode composite material of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum phosphate layer coats an entire surface of the cathode active material particle.
9. A lithium ion battery comprising:
an anode electrode;
a cathode electrode comprising a cathode composite material comprising a plurality of cathode active material particles and an aluminum phosphate layer coated on the surface of the plurality of cathode active material particles; and
a non-aqueous electrolyte disposed between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode,
wherein a material of the plurality of cathode active material particles is spinel type lithium manganese oxide, and the aluminum phosphate layer comprising transition metal atoms diffused from the material of the plurality of cathode active material particles; wherein the spinel type lithium manganese oxide is represented by a chemical formula of Li x Mn 2−i L i O 4 ; wherein 0.1≦x≦1.1 and 0≦i<2, and L represents at least one of the chemical elements of manganese, nickel, chromium, cobalt, vanadium, titanium, aluminum, iron, gallium, neodymium, and magnesium.
10. The lithium ion battery of claim 9 , wherein the cathode electrode comprises a cathode current collector and a cathode material layer disposed on a surface of the cathode current collector, the cathode material layer comprising the cathode composite material, a conductive agent, and a binder.
11. The lithium ion battery of claim 9 , wherein a capacity retention is above 90% after about 50 cycles at a temperature of about 15° C. to about 60° C.