Ventilated structural panels and method of construction with ventilated structural panels
A multi-plenum structural panel having a top sheet, a middle sheet, and a bottom sheet, each sheet being parallel to the other two. A first plurality of spacing structural elements fixedly attaches the top sheet to the middle sheet. A second plurality of spacing structural elements fixedly attaches the middle sheet to the bottom sheet, such that a yield strength of an assembled multi-plenum structural panel is greater than a sum of individual yield strengths of the top, the middle, and the bottom sheets. An upper plenum is defined by a spacing between the top sheet and the middle sheet. A lower plenum is defined by a spacing between the middle sheet and the bottom sheet. The plurality of spacing structural elements is formed such that a plurality of spaced apart unobstructed pathways are created in each plenum for air to move from at least one edge of the multi-plenum structural panel to at least one of an opposite and an adjacent edge of the multi-plenum structural panel in each plenum.
1. A multi-plenum structural panel comprising:
a top sheet, a middle sheet, and a bottom sheet, each sheet being parallel to the other two;
a first plurality of spacing structural elements fixedly attaches the top sheet to the middle sheet, and a second plurality of spacing structural elements fixedly attaches the middle sheet to the bottom sheet, such that a yield strength of an assembled multi-plenum structural panel is greater than a sum of individual yield strengths of the top, the middle, and the bottom sheets;
an upper plenum defined by a first spacing between the top sheet and the middle sheet;
a lower plenum defined by a second spacing between the middle sheet and the bottom sheet;
the spacing structural elements, comprised of the first and the second plurality of spacing structural elements, being formed such that a plurality of spaced apart unobstructed pathways are created in each plenum for air to move from at least one edge of the multi-plenum structural panel to at least one of an opposite and an adjacent edge of the multi-plenum structural panel in each plenum;
wherein spacing structural elements on a first portion of an exterior perimeter of the panel have interlocking shapes that interlock with shapes on spacing structural elements on a second portion of the exterior perimeter of the panel; and
at least one unobstructed pathway in the upper plenum is orthogonal to at least one unobstructed pathway in the lower plenum.
2. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 , wherein the spacing structural elements are molded and of unitary construction with the middle sheet.
3. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 , wherein the spacing structural elements have spikes that protrude into one of the top sheet, the middle sheet, and the bottom sheet.
4. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 , wherein the spacing structural elements are inserts that one of have a barricade shape, have a caged surface, have spikes disposed on the surface, are hollow, or are perforated.
5. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 , wherein the spacing structural elements are a matt and block assembly, the matt comprising a plurality of tabs, wherein the tabs insert into one of a block, the top sheet, the middle sheet, and the bottom sheet.
6. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 , wherein the spacing structural elements comprise a three dimensional space truss and spikes are positioned at apexes where a plurality of diagonal truss members meet; and
a plurality of further unobstructed pathways, each further pathway bounded at least partially by the spacing structural elements, intersect in one of the upper plenum, the lower plenum, and both the upper and lower plenum.
7. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 , wherein the spacing structural elements comprise a branched and perforated engineered matrix member.
8. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 , wherein
each of the top sheet, the middle sheet, and the bottom sheet is one of multilayered, comprised of multiple materials, and has a coating or a lining, and
the bottom sheet is multilayered with at least one layer of drywall material.
9. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 wherein the top, the middle, and the bottom sheets are each between 0.125 inches and 1.0 inches in thickness, not including the thickness of any molded or unitary spacing structural elements, and are between 3.0 and 4.5 feet by between 6.0 and 12 feet in planar dimensions, and are made of one of plywood, Oriented Strand Board, and medium-density fiberboard.
10. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 , wherein the spacing structural elements are comprised of material one of extruded and deposited in globs.
11. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 10 , wherein inserts are inserted into the globs.
12. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 1 , wherein the spacing structural elements are inserts that pass through the middle sheet.
13. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 12 , wherein the middle sheet is molded around the inserts.
14. A multi-plenum structural panel comprising:
a top sheet, a middle sheet, and a bottom sheet, each sheet being parallel to the other two;
a first plurality of spacing structural elements fixedly attaches the top sheet to the middle sheet, and a second plurality of spacing structural elements fixedly attaches the middle sheet to the bottom sheet, such that a yield strength of an assembled multi-plenum structural panel is greater than a sum of individual yield strengths of the top, the middle, and the bottom sheets;
an upper plenum defined by a first spacing between the top sheet and the middle sheet;
a lower plenum defined by a second spacing between the middle sheet and the bottom sheet;
the spacing structural elements, comprised of the first and the second plurality of spacing structural elements, being formed such that a plurality of spaced apart unobstructed pathways are created in each plenum for air to move from at least one edge of the multi-plenum structural panel to at least one of an opposite and an adjacent edge of the multi-plenum structural panel in each plenum; and
wherein at least one of (a) the spacing structural elements are an orthogonal frame and (b) the middle sheet comprises at least one of:
(i) spacing structural elements extending through the middle sheet and toward both plenums,
(ii) two molded sheets attached to one another with spacing structural elements on each molded sheet aligned and extending in two opposite directions, and
(iii) insulating material filling a void in the spacing structural elements.
15. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 14 , wherein the orthogonal frame further comprises one of blocks and globs.
16. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 14 , wherein the orthogonal frame further comprises blocks that are one of unitary with and molded to the orthogonal frame.
17. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 14 , wherein the spacing structural elements are a matrix truss comprising the orthogonal frame and diagonal truss members.
18. The multi-plenum structural panel in claim 14 , wherein spacing structural elements on a first portion of an exterior perimeter of the panel have interlocking shapes that interlock with shapes on spacing structural elements on a second portion of the exterior perimeter of the panel.