Compositions containing chlorofluoroolefins or fluoroolefins
Compositions and methods based on the use of fluoroalkene containing from 3 to 4 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond, such as HFO-1214, HFO-HFO-1233, or HFO-1354, having properties highly beneficial in foaming and blowing agent applications, articles and methods.
1. A method for forming a spray applied foam comprising:
(a) providing in a sprayable form a foamable composition comprising a blowing agent comprising at least one compound according to Formula I
XCF 3 (I)
where X is a C 2 or a C 3 unsaturated, chlorine and/or fluorine substituted alkyl group, said compound having an acute toxicity level substantially less than the acute toxicity level of HFO-1223xd, wherein said at least one compound(s) in accordance with Formula I are being present in said blowing agent in an amount of at least about 5% by weight and wherein said blowing agent does not include any substantial amount of HFO-1223xd; and
(b) spray applying the foamable composition.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of said compounds(s) in accordance with Formula I contain at least one chlorine substituent.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein in said compound(s) according to Formula I X is a C 3 unsaturated, chlorine and/or fluorine substituted alkyl group.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said compound has an acute toxicity level at least about 30 relative percent less than the acute toxicity level of HFO-1223xd.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said compound comprises 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFO-1233zd).
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said blowing agent further comprises at least one co-blowing agent selected from the group consisting of linear, branched and cyclic hydrocarbons, halocarbons, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, and acetals.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said co-blowing agent is an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, and butanol.
8. A foam formed by the method of claim 1 .
9. The method of claim 1 wherein said formable composition comprises a polyurethane and/or a polyiscyanurate composition.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein said at least one compound(s) in accordance with Formula I are present in said blowing agent in an amount of at least about 30% by weight.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein said at least one compound according for Formula I has a normal boiling point of from about 20° C. to about 70° C.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein said blowing agent further comprises at least one halocarbon.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein said blowing agent further comprises at least one ester.