Compositions and methods for controlling the stability of ethersulfate surfactants at elevated temperatures
The present invention describes the method of making an ether sulfate surfactant solution hydrolytically stable by adding one or more alkalinity generating agents at levels greater than 0.05%. The surfactant solutions of the present invention have half-lives >8 months at 100° C. and find uses in EOR applications, environmental cleanups, detergent industry, and any other surfactant based high temperature applications.
1. A composition for high temperature surfactant based operations comprising:
(a) an anionic surfactant composition comprising an anionic alkoxy sulfate surfactant;
(b) an alkalinity generating agent; and
(c) a solvent; wherein
(i) the anionic surfactant composition and the alkalinity generating agent are dissolved in the solvent, and
(ii) the composition is configured for use in a high temperature based operation, wherein the anionic alkoxy sulfate surfactant comprises a C 12-32 -7PO-nEO sulfate, wherein the “EO” represents one or more “ethylene oxide” segments, the “PO” represents one or more “propylene oxide” segments, and n is an integer of from 3 to 14, and
wherein the composition comprises an effective amount of the alkalinity generating agent to produce a composition having a pH of from about 10 to 11.41.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the high temperature based operation is selected from the group consisting of enhanced oil recovery (EOR), environmental ground water cleanup, and high temperature detergent processing.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkalinity generating agent is selected from the group consisting of alkali earth metal hydroxides, ammonia, Na 2 CO 3 , Na -metaborate, EDTANa 4 ,and combinations thereof.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, polymer containing solutions, and combinations thereof.
5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the solvent is water that is either hard brine or hard water.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least about 1 wt % of the alkalinity generating agent.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the alkalinity generating agent in a range between 0.05 wt % and about 2 wt %.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is hydrolytically stable at a temperature of 100° C.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a half-life of at least 8 months at 100° C.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a half-life at 100° C. in the range between 1 month and 24 months.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition would be less than 25% hydrolyzed after 4 months at 100° C.
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition would have a degree of hydrolysis in the range between 1% and 24% after 4 months at 100° C.
13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is configured for use alone in an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application.
14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is configured for use with an alkaline-surfactant-polymer formulation in an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application.
15. The composition of claim 1 , where
(a) the anionic surfactant composition further comprises C 12-15 -3EO sulfates;
(b) the alkalinity generating agent comprises Na 2 CO 3 ; and
(c) the solvent is water.
16. The composition of claim 15 , wherein,
(a) the C 12-15 -3EO sulfates comprise at least 1 wt % of the composition; and
(b) the Na 2 CO 3 comprises at least 1 wt % of the composition.
17. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the water is hard brine or hard water.
18. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the composition is hydrolytically stable at a temperature of 100° C.
19. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the composition has a half-life of at least 8 months at 100° C.
20. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the composition would be less than 25% hydrolyzed after 4 months at 100° C.
21. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the anionic alkoxy sulfate surfactant is selected from the group consisting of C 16-18 -7 PO -5 EO sulfates, C 20 -7PO -10 EO sulfates, C 32 -7PO -6EO sulfates, C 32 -7PO -14EO sulfates, and combinations thereof.
22. The composition of claim 21 , wherein the anionic alkoxy sulfate surfactant is selected from the group consisting of C 32 -7PO -6EO sulfates, C32 -7PO -14EO sulfates, and combinations thereof.
23. A method of producing a hydrolytically stable anionic surfactant composition comprising:
(a) adding an anionic surfactant composition to a solvent, wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, polymer containing solutions, and combinations thereof;
(b) adding a stabilizing agent comprising an alkalinity generating agent to the solvent, wherein the alkalinity generating agent is added in an effective amount to produce a composition having a pH of from about 10 to 11.41;
(c) forming the hydrolytically stable anionic surfactant composition from the anionic surfactant composition, the stabilizing agent, and the solvent,
wherein the anionic alkoxy sulfate surfactant comprises a C 12-32 -7PO-nEO sulfate, wherein the “EO” represents one or more “ethylene oxide” segments, the “PO” represents one or more “propylene oxide” segments, and n is an integer of from 3 to 14.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the alkalinity generating agent is selected from the group consisting of alkali earth metal hydroxides, ammonia, Na 2 CO 3 , Na-metaborate, EDTANa 4 , and combinations thereof.
25. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition comprises the alkalinity generating agent in a range between 0.05 wt % and about 2 wt %.
26. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition is hydrolytically stable at a temperature of 100° C.
27. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition has a half-life of at least 8 months at 100° C.
28. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition has a half-life at 100° C. in the range between 1 month and 24 months.
29. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition would be less than 25% hydrolyzed after 4 months at 100° C.
30. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition would have a degree of hydrolysis in the range between 1% and 24% after 4 months at 100° C.
31. The method of claim 23 , the composition is configured for use alone in an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application.
32. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition is configured for use with an alkaline-surfactant-polymer formulation in an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application.
33. The method of claim 23 , wherein the anionic surfactant composition further comprises C 12-15 -3EO sulfates.
34. The method of claim 33 , wherein the anionic surfactant composition is added in an amount that is at least 1 wt %.
35. The method of claim 23 , wherein the alkalinity generating agent comprises Na 2 CO 3 .
36. The method of claim 35 , wherein the alkalinity generating agent is added in an amount that is at least 1 wt %.
37. The method of claim 23 , wherein the anionic alkoxy sulfate surfactant is selected from the group consisting of C 16-18 -7PO-5EO sulfates, C 20 -7PO-10EO sulfates, C 32 -7PO-6EO sulfates, C 32 -7PO-14EO sulfates, and combinations thereof.
38. The method of claim 37 , wherein the anionic alkoxy sulfate surfactant surfactant is selected from the group consisting of C 32 -7PO -6EO sulfates, C 32 -7PO-14EO sulfates, and combinations thereof.