Floor construction for horizontal coke ovens

1. A horizontal coke oven comprising a coke oven chamber, a coke oven floor, and several horizontally extending flue gas channels arranged beneath the coke oven floor, the flue gas channels being limited by walls, with the coke oven floor situated between the coke oven chamber and flue gas channel, the coke oven floor being built up of at least two layers in vertical direction and supported on the walls of the flue gas channels, and wherein each layer is formed of the same or different refractory materials, wherein, viewed from the coke oven chamber,

the first layer comprises a covering layer formed of solid material, and

the second layer represents a sub-layer beneath the first layer comprising a plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps, the plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps forming gas spaces in them, with the gas spaces in these apertures, crevices or gaps being connected with the gas space of the flue gas channel extending beneath.

2. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 1 , wherein the second layer has an arch-like swung shape and that the first layer has a flat top side.

3. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 1 , comprising at least one other layer of transitional elements is arranged between the first and second layer.

4. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 3 , wherein the one other layer is made of transitional bricks and compensates for different contours of the layers, the different contours formed by the first layer that has a flat top side and the second layer that has an arch-like swung shape.

5. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 1 , wherein the second layer is formed of shaped bricks made of solid material which are so arranged that a plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps is formed between adjacent shaped bricks.

6. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 1 , wherein the second layer is formed of a plurality of shaped bricks, with each individual shaped brick having at least one of the plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps aperture, crevice or gap so that the plurality of shaped bricks forms the plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps in the second layer being connected with the gas space of the flue gas channel extending beneath.

7. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 6 , wherein the second layer is formed of a plurality of shaped bricks, with each individual shaped brick having several of the plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps so that the plurality of shaped bricks forms the plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps in the second layer being connected with the gas space of the flue gas channel extending therebeneath.

8. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 6 , wherein the second layer is formed both of a plurality of shaped bricks made of a solid refractory material without apertures, crevices or gaps and additionally of a plurality of shaped bricks made of a solid refractory material each comprising at least one of the plurality of apertures, crevices and gaps aperture, crevice or gap.

9. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 1 , wherein one other layer is arranged between the first and second layer, with the shaped bricks forming the first layer and the one other layer, the shaped bricks being themselves comprised of a brick covering layer and a brick sub-layer, wherein the brick covering layer represents the first layer and is formed of a solid refractory material and wherein the brick sub-layer represents the one other layer and is comprised of shaped bricks with each individual shaped brick having at least one of the plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps.

10. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 1 , wherein the coke oven floor is in vertical direction formed of one solid-piece segment only, wherein the solid piece segment is made of a solid refractory material having in the solid refractory material the plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps being connected with the gas space of the flue gas channel extending beneath.

11. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 10 , wherein the solid piece segment which forms the coke oven floor is concavely arched on its bottom side.

12. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 1 , wherein the area of the cross-sections of the openings of the apertures, crevices or gaps in the second layer are different.

13. The horizontal coke oven according to claim 1 , wherein the areas of the cross-sections of the openings of the apertures, crevices or gaps in the second layer increases in the area of doors and/or oven walls without an adjacent oven.

14. Use of a coke oven of horizontal construction as defined in claim 1 for the production of coke, wherein:

a coke oven according to claim 1 is put up; and

the coal charge, and, respectively the coke cake in the intended operation is positioned as a bulk charge or compacted cake on the coke over floor; and

heating is carried out by combustion of gas evolving in the course of carbonization so that pert of the gas burns off above the coal charge with primary air in the oven chamber, and the partly burnt gas is supplied through channels, which are also designated as “downcomers”, to the heating flues of the oven chamber sole and burnt here completely by addition of further combustion air designated as secondary air; and

a coke oven according to claim 1 with apertures, crevices or gaps forming gas spaces in the second layer is used so that the thickness of the load-bearing coke oven floor can be reduced by up to 40% and a reduction of the mean resistance of thermal conductivity of the coke oven floor is achieved.

15. A horizontal coke oven comprising a coke oven chamber, a coke oven floor, and several horizontally extending flue gas channels arranged beneath the coke oven floor, the flue gas channels being limited by walls, with the coke oven floor situated between the coke oven chamber and flue gas channel, the coke oven floor being built up of at least two layers in vertical direction and supported on the walls of the flue gas channels, and wherein each layer is formed of the same or different refractory materials, wherein, viewed from the coke oven chamber;

the first layer represents a covering layer formed of solid material; and

the second layer represents a sub-layer beneath the first layer comprising a plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps, the plurality of apertures, crevices or gaps forming gas spaces in them, with the gas spaces in these apertures, crevices or gaps being connected with the gas space of the flue gas channel extending beneath; and

the area of the cross-sections of the openings of the apertures, crevices or gaps in the second layer are different.