Method and a device for examination of physical magnitude in humans or animals in an object filled with liquid or gas
The invention relates to a device for examination of a pressure (p) in an intervertebral disc, a body of vertebra or any other part of a disc in a human or animal. The device ( 1 ) comprises a hollow cannula ( 6 ) with an end portion ( 7 ) arranged to be inserted into the intervertebral disc, the body of vertebra or any other part of the disc. The device further comprises an optical fiber ( 8 ) arranged in the cannula ( 6 ) and a sensor device ( 10 ) arranged on the optical fiber ( 8 ), which in use is positioned in connection to the intervertebral disc, the body of vertebra or any other part of the disc. The device also has an injection device ( 11 ) for injection of liquid into the intervertebral disc, the body of vertebra or any other part of the disc through the cannula ( 6 ) while the sensor device ( 10 ) measures the physical magnitude (p) in the anatomical organ ( 2 ). The invention also relates to a method for examination of a pressure (p) in an intervertebral disc, a body of vertebra or any other part of a disc in humans and animals, designed in analogy to the device according to the invention.
1. A diagnostic method for assessing the medical condition of an object filled with liquid or gas in humans and animals based on a physical parameter (p) measured in the object, the method comprising:
inserting a tube-shaped, hollow cannula, and positioning an end portion of the cannula, inside the object;
introducing a sensor device into the cannula;
positioning the sensor device relative to the object;
injecting a liquid through the cannula into the object for a predetermined time period while measuring the physical parameter (p) inside the object using the sensor device; the physical parameter (p) being chosen from the group consisting of: (a) pressure; and (b) temperature;
comparing a profile of measured values of the physical parameter (p) to a profile of predetermined values of the physical parameter (p); the profile of measured values of the physical parameter (p) representing a plot of the measured values of the physical parameter (p) against time values of the predetermined time period; the profile of predetermined values representing a plot of the predetermined values of the physical parameter (p) against the time values of the predetermined time period; each predetermined value of the physical parameter (p) and associated time value corresponding to a previously defined medical condition of the object;
determining the medical condition of the object based on the comparison of the profile of measured values to the profile of the predetermined values.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of injecting includes continuously injecting the liquid through the cannula into the object while continuously measuring the physical parameter (p) inside the object using the sensor device.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the object is selected from the group consisting of: (a) an anatomical organ; (b) an intervertebral disc; (c) a vertebra; and (d) a tumour.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the liquid is selected from the group consisting of: (a) a contrast medium; (b) a bone cement; and (c) a pharmaceutical.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising, following the step of injecting the liquid, determining one of propagation of the liquid in the object and leakage of the liquid from the object, using x-rays.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of locating the sensor device within the object using x-rays.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the profile of the predetermined values represents a profile of values for a healthy object.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the sensor device includes an optical sensor.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the optical sensor is a Fabry-Pérot optical sensor.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein:
the physical parameter (p) is pressure; and
the step of measuring the physical parameter (p) inside the object using the sensor device includes measuring the pressure inside the object based on optical interference.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of positioning the sensor device relative to the object includes arranging the sensor device so as to be wholly contained within the cannula.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of positioning the sensor device relative to the object includes arranging the sensor device outside the cannula.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the physical parameter (p) is pressure; and
the step of measuring the physical parameter (p) inside the object using the sensor device includes measuring the pressure inside the object based on optical interference.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the object is an intervertebral disc having a nucleus pulposus;
the step of inserting includes inserting the tube-shaped, hollow cannula, and positioning an end portion of the cannula, inside the nucleus pulposus;
the physical parameter (p) is pressure; and
the step of measuring the physical parameter (p) inside the object includes measuring the pressure inside the nucleus pulposus using the sensor device.