Versatile nucleic acid hairpin motif for programming biomolecular self-assembly pathways
The present invention relates generally to programming of biomolecular self-assembly pathways and related methods and constructs. A versatile nucleic acid hairpin motif for programming biomolecular self-assembly pathways for a wide variety of dynamic functions, reaction graphs for specifying pathways, and methods of using the hairpin motif are provided.
1. A system for performing a dynamic function comprising:
a first hairpin monomer comprising:
a first domain comprising a first toehold and a first propagation region, wherein the first toehold is exposed such that it is available to hybridize to a portion of a first nucleic acid sequence complementary to the first domain, and wherein the first toehold is located at an end of the monomer; and
a second domain comprising a second toehold and a second propagation region, wherein the second toehold is hybridized to a portion of the first propagation region;
an initiator molecule, wherein said first nucleic acid sequence complementary to the first domain comprises a portion of the initiator molecule; and
a second hairpin monomer comprising:
a first domain comprising a first toehold and a first propagation region, wherein the first toehold comprises a nucleic acid sequence complementary to the second toehold of the first monomer, wherein the first toehold is located at an end of the monomer and is exposed such that it is available to hybridize to the second toehold of the first hairpin monomer, and wherein the first propagation region is complementary to the second propagation region of the first hairpin monomer; and
a second domain comprising a second toehold and a second propagation region, the second toehold of the second hairpin monomer comprising a nucleic acid sequence complementary to the first toehold of the first hairpin monomer,
wherein the second toehold of the second hairpin monomer is hybridized to a portion of the first propagation region of the second hairpin monomer,
wherein the second propagation region of the second hairpin monomer comprises a sequence complementary to the first propagation region of the first hairpin monomer, and
wherein the second domain of the second hairpin monomer comprises the sequence of the portion of the initiator that is complementary to the first domain of the first hairpin monomer so that upon hybridization of the second domain of the second hairpin monomer to the first domain of the first hairpin monomer, any initiator hybridized to the first domain of the first hairpin monomer is displaced.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said second toehold of the first hairpin monomer hybridizes to the first toehold of the second hairpin monomer if the first domain of the first hairpin monomer hybridizes to said initiator molecule.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said second toehold of the first hairpin monomer initiates hybridization of said second propagation region of the first hairpin monomer to said first propagation region of said second hairpin monomer if the first domain of the first hairpin monomer hybridizes to said first nucleic acid sequence complementary to said first domain.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein said second propagation region of the first hairpin monomer comprises a portion of a single stranded hairpin loop.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first domain of the first hairpin monomer is an input domain and the second domain of the first hairpin monomer is an output domain.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the first propagation region and the second toehold of the first hairpin monomer comprise a portion of a duplex stem.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first hairpin monomer further comprises a third domain comprising a third toehold and a third propagation region, wherein the third toehold is hybridized to a portion of the first propagation region of the first hairpin monomer.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first toehold of the first hairpin monomer is single stranded.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein said first domain and second domain of the first hairpin monomer are concatenated in the monomer.