Droplet operations platform
The invention relates to a droplet actuator device and methods for integrated sample preparation and analysis of a biological sample. A droplet actuator device is provided for conducting droplet operations. The droplet actuator device may include a bottom substrate and a top substrate separated from each other to form a gap therebetween; an arrangement of droplet operations electrodes arranged on one or both of the bottom and/or top substrates for conducting droplet operations thereon; a reagent storage layer comprising one or more compartments bound to the top substrate; and one or more openings arranged to provide a fluidic path from the one or more compartments into the gap, upon breach of a breachable seal separating the one or more compartments and openings.
1. A droplet actuator device comprising:
a. a bottom substrate and a top substrate separated from each other to form a gap therebetween;
b. an arrangement of droplet operations electrodes on one of or both of the bottom and/or top substrates configured for conducting droplet operations thereon; and
c. one or more heat-spreader-expanded temperature control zones in the gap, wherein each of the one or more heat-expanded temperature zones is established by at least:
(i) one or more heater elements in proximity to and aligned with one or more of the droplet operations electrodes in the arrangement of droplet operations electrodes in a manner which permits establishment of temperature control in the gap in the vicinity of the one or more droplet operations electrodes; and
(ii) a heat spreader comprising a metal layer structure included with one of or both of the bottom and/or top substrates and distinct from the droplet operations electrodes, wherein the heat spreader is arranged to spread heat generated from the one or more heater elements along a droplet operations electrode path comprising the one or more droplet operations electrodes, and wherein the heat spreader is distinct from the one or more heater elements and is configured to spread heat and maintain a more uniform temperature gradient within the one or more heat-spreader-expanded temperature control zones relative to a corresponding droplet actuator device lacking the heat spreader.
2. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , wherein the bottom substrate comprises a PCB.
3. The droplet actuator device of claim 2 , wherein the PCB comprises a dielectric layer.
4. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , wherein the arrangement of droplet operations electrodes comprise electrowetting electrodes.
5. The droplet actuator device of claim 2 , wherein the arrangement of droplet operations electrodes are arranged on the PCB, and the heat spreader and the arrangement of droplet operations electrodes are provided on a same layer on the PCB.
6. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , wherein the heat spreader is copper.
7. The droplet actuator device of claim 5 , wherein the heat spreader is positioned adjacent to the one or more droplet operations electrodes.
8. The droplet actuator device of claim 2 , wherein the arrangement of droplet operations electrodes are arranged in a layer on the PCB, and the heat spreader is provided on a different layer on the PCB than the arrangement of droplet operations electrodes.
9. The droplet actuator device of claim 8 , wherein the heat spreader is provided on a layer on a backside of the PCB that is opposite to the layer of the arrangement of droplet operations electrodes.
10. The droplet actuator device of claim 8 , wherein the heat spreader is provided on a layer on the PCB adjacent to the arrangement of droplet operations electrodes arranged on the PCB.
11. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , comprising at least two heat-spreader-expanded temperature control zones, wherein the heat spreaders are configured to heat the at least two heat-spreader-expanded temperature control zones to a same or different temperatures.
12. The droplet actuator device of claim 11 , wherein the at least two heat-spreader-expanded temperature control zones heated to the same temperature are thermally coupled.
13. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more heater elements provide heat to the heat spreader.
14. The droplet actuator device of claim 8 , wherein the one or more heater elements are positioned directly underneath the heat spreader.
15. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the one or more heater elements comprises a resistive heater.
16. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more heater elements comprise thermoelectric heat pumps.
17. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , further comprising thermistors to monitor and regulate the temperature of the heat spreader.
18. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , wherein the heat spreader is shaped to form a temperature gradient along a path of the one or more droplet operations electrodes.
19. The droplet actuator device of claim 18 , wherein the heat spreader is shaped in the form of a “V” such that a substantially linear temperature gradient is formed along the path of the one or more droplet operations electrodes, wherein one of the one or more heater elements is positioned at the narrow end of the “V” shaped heat spreader.
20. The droplet actuator device of claim 18 , wherein the heat spreader is shaped in the form of a “U” and arranged such that a temperature gradient is formed along the path of the one or more droplet operations electrodes, wherein one of the one or more heater elements is coupled to the “U” shaped heat spreader.
21. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , wherein the gap comprises oil.
22. The droplet actuator device of claim 1 , wherein the gap comprises silicone oil.