DC energy transfer apparatus, applications, components, and methods

1. An apparatus, comprising an all-DC energy transfer network including a high energy terminal, a service terminal, a common terminal and at least one instance of an all-DC energy transfer device adapted to contribute to an energy transfer between said high energy terminal and said service terminal of at least one million Joules

wherein said all-DC energy transfer device includes an input DC terminal, a said common terminal and an output DC terminal;

said all-DC energy transfer device adapted to respond to an input DC Dynamical Electro-State (DES) at said input DC terminal to transfer electrical energy through at least one internal DES to an output DC Dynamical Electrical State (DES) at said output DC terminal; each of said internal DES consist essentially of a DC DES adapted to flow current in only one direction

said all-DC energy transfer device including a first capacitive device, a second capacitive device, a switch and an inductive device;

wherein said first capacitive device, said second capacitive device, said switch and said inductive device each include a first terminal and a second terminal;

wherein said switch further includes a control terminal and said switch is adapted to close a connection between said first terminal and said second terminal of said switch in a closed state and to open said connection in a opened state, wherein said closed state and said opened state are the response to a control DES of said control terminal with respect to said common terminal;

said all-DC energy transfer device further includes

said input DC terminal connected to said first terminal of said first capacitive device and connected to said first terminal of said switch;

said second terminal of said first capacitive device is connected to said common terminal;

said second terminal of said switch connected to said first terminal of said inductive device;

said second terminal of said inductive device connected to said first terminal of said second capacitive device and to said output DC terminal; and

said second terminal of said second capacitive device is connected to said common terminal;

wherein said all-DC energy transfer device is adapted to meet or exceed each of said input DC DES includes a voltage of at least 36 volts, said output DC DES includes a voltage of at least twelve volts, said first capacitive device includes a capacitance of at least 500 micro Farads with a working voltage of at least 800 volts, said second capacitive device includes a capacitance of at least 1500 micro Farads, and is adapted for an energy transfer between said input DC terminal and said output DC terminal of at least K % efficiency of said energy transfer, wherein K is at least 65.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said all-DC energy transfer device is adapted to meet or exceed said K is at least 75.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said all-DC energy transfer device is adapted to meet or exceed said K is at least 83.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said all-DC energy transfer device is adapted to meet or exceed at least one of

said input DC DES includes a voltage of at least 1000 volts,

said output DC DES includes a voltage of at least 100 volts,

said first capacitive device includes a capacitance of at least 0.5 Farads with a working voltage of at least 1000 volts, and/or

said second capacitive device includes a capacitance of at least 1.0 Farads.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein said all-DC energy transfer device is adapted to meet or exceed at least one of

said input DC DES includes a voltage of at least 2000 volts,

said output DC DES includes a voltage of at least 200 volts,

said first capacitive device includes a capacitance of at least 1.0 Farads with a working voltage of at least 2000 volts, and/or

said second capacitive device includes a capacitance of at least 2.0 Farads.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said all-DC energy transfer device is adapted to meet or exceed at least one of

said input DC DES includes a voltage of at least 3000 volts,

said output DC DES includes a voltage of at least 300 volts,

said first capacitive device includes a working voltage of at least 3000 volts, and/or

said second capacitive device includes a capacitance of at least 4.0 Farads.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said energy transfer between said high energy terminal and said service terminal is at least two million Joules.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein said energy transfer between said high energy terminal and said service terminal is at least four million Joules.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said energy transfer between said high energy terminal and said service terminal has an energy efficiency of at least said K percent.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said K is at least 75.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said K is at least 83.

12. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a system operating in response to said energy transfer of said all-DC energy transfer network.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein said system comprises an electric motor coupled to said service terminal to use said energy transfer of said all-DC energy transfer network.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein said system further comprises a fuel cell and/or a solar cell and/or a generator coupled to said high energy terminal to provide energy to said all-DC energy transfer network for said energy transfer.

15. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein said system further comprises said all-DC energy transfer network.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein said system at least partly implements a vehicle.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein said vehicle is an electric vehicle and/or a hybrid vehicle.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein said hybrid vehicle is a hybrid electric/Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicle.

19. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein said vehicle is an automobile.