Diagnostic methods for determining prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer
Disclosed are methods for identifying early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who will have an unfavorable prognosis for the recurrence of lung cancer after surgical resection. The methods are based in part on the discovery that chromosomal copy number gains at Chr19, 34.7 Mb-35.6 Mb can be used for prognostic classification. The methods preferably use fluorescence in situ hybridization with fluorescently labeled nucleic acid probes to hybridize to patient samples to quantify the chromosomal copy number of this genetic locus.
1. A method of selecting a treatment for a patient suffering from lung cancer, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a test sample from the patient wherein treatment with a chemotherapy agent is at least one treatment option for the patient;
b) determining a copy number for a marker in the test sample by fluorescent in situ hybridization, wherein the marker comprises cyclin E1 and ZNF536 genes;
c) comparing the copy number of the marker in the test sample against a normal copy number of the marker, wherein the normal copy number of the marker is two, thereby determining the presence or absence of a copy number gain for the marker in the test sample, and
wherein the presence of the copy number gain for the marker is associated with a decreased overall survival time as compared to an overall survival time associated with the absence of the copy number gain for the marker;
d) selecting a chemotherapy treatment regimen based on the comparison in step c) and
e) administering adjuvant chemotherapy post-surgery when the comparison in step (c) indicates the subject has a decreased overall survival time,
wherein the lung cancer is Stage I-II non-small-cell lung cancer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the test sample comprises a tissue sample.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the tissue sample comprises a blood sample, a tumor tissue or a suspected tumor tissue, a thin layer cytological sample, a fine needle aspirate sample, a lung wash sample, a pleural effusion sample, a fresh frozen tissue sample, a paraffin embedded tissue sample or an extract or processed sample produced from any of a peripheral blood sample.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the tissue sample comprises a lung tissue sample or a peripheral blood sample comprising circulating tumor cells.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent in situ hybridization is performed with a nucleic acid probe that is fluorescently labeled.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent in situ hybridization is performed with at least two nucleic acid probes.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent in situ hybridization is performed with a peptide nucleic acid probe.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the patient is also being treated with radiation or surgery or a combination thereof.