Magnetoresistive element

1. A magnetoresistive element comprising:

a first magnetic layer as a reference layer;

a second magnetic layer as a storage layer;

a nonmagnetic insulating layer between the first and second magnetic layers; and

an antiferromagnetic conductive layer which is adjacent to a side opposite to a nonmagnetic insulating layer side of the second magnetic layer in a vertical direction in which the first and second magnetic layers are stacked,

wherein the second magnetic layer includes an area which is magnetically coupled with the antiferromagnetic conductive layer and which has a magnetization direction parallel with a magnetization direction of the second magnetic layer.

2. The element of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second magnetic layers has remanent magnetization in the vertical direction, and the area has the magnetization direction in the vertical direction.

3. The element of claim 1 , wherein the area has the magnetization direction opposite to a magnetization direction of the first magnetic layer.

4. The element of claim 1 , further comprising:

a nonmagnetic conductive layer between the second magnetic layer and the antiferromagnetic conductive layer.

5. The element of claim 1 , wherein the antiferromagnetic conductive layer comprises one of PtMn, PdMn, IrMn, RhMn, RuMn, NiMn, FeMn, CoMn, and CrMn.

6. The element of claim 1 , further comprising:

a third magnetic layer having a magnetization direction opposite to a magnetization direction of the first magnetic layer.

7. The element of claim 6 , further comprising:

a nonmagnetic conductive layer between the first magnetic layer and the third magnetic layer.

8. The element of claim 1 , wherein the magnetization direction of the second magnetic layer is changed by a write current which flows between the first and second magnetic layers.

9. A magnetoresistive element comprising:

a first magnetic layer as a reference layer;

a second magnetic layer as a storage layer;

a nonmagnetic insulating layer between the first and second magnetic layers; and

a conductive layer which is adjacent to a side opposite to a nonmagnetic insulating layer side of the second magnetic layer in a vertical direction in which the first and second magnetic layers are stacked,

wherein the conductive layer comprises one of PtMn, PdMn, IrMn, RhMn, RuMn, NiMn, FeMn, CoMn, and CrMn.

10. The element of claim 9 , wherein the second magnetic layer includes an area which is magnetically coupled with the conductive layer and which has a magnetization direction parallel with a magnetization direction of the second magnetic layer.

11. The element of claim 10 , wherein each of the first and second magnetic layers has remanent magnetization in the vertical direction, and the area has a magnetization direction in the vertical direction.

12. The element of claim 10 , wherein the area has the magnetization direction opposite to a magnetization direction of the first magnetic layer.

13. The element of claim 9 , further comprising:

a nonmagnetic conductive layer between the second magnetic layer and the conductive layer.

14. The element of claim 9 , further comprising:

a third magnetic layer having a magnetization direction opposite to a magnetization direction of the first magnetic layer.

15. The element of claim 14 , further comprising:

a nonmagnetic conductive layer between the first magnetic layer and the third magnetic layer.

16. The element of claim 9 , wherein a magnetization direction of the second magnetic layer is changed by a write current which flows between the first and second magnetic layers.

17. The element of claim 1 , wherein the magnetization direction of the area of the second magnetic layer is parallel with the magnetization direction of the second magnetic layer after a write operation.

18. The element of claim 9 , wherein a magnetization direction of an area of the second magnetic layer is parallel with a magnetization direction of the second magnetic layer after a write operation.